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| Question | Answer |
| What is blood pressure measured in? | millimetres of mercury - mmHg |
| Blood pressure has two measurements, what are they? | Systolic and Diastolic |
| What is systolic pressure? | The maximum pressure the heart produces. |
| What is diastolic pressure? | The blood pressure between heart beats. |
| Different factors can increase a person's blood pressure. What are these factors? | Stress, high alcohol intake, smoking and being overweight. |
| Different factors can decrease a person's blood pressure. What are these factors? | Regular exercise and eating a balanced diet. |
| What can high blood pressure cause? | High blood pressure can cause blood vessels to burst. This can cause damage to the brain, which is often called a stroke. It can also cause damage to the kidneys. |
| What can low blood pressure lead to? | Low blood pressure can lead to dizziness and fainting. |
| Why does low blood pressure lead to dizziness and fainting? | Because the blood supply to the brain is reduced, and poor circulation to other areas such as fingers and toes. |
| What is fitness? | The ability to do physical activity. |
| What is health? | Being free from diseases, such as those caused by bacteria and viruses. |
| What can a person's general level of fitness be measured by? | Their cardiovascular efficiency. |
| A person's fitness can also be measured for different activities. How can it be measured for strength? | By the amounts of weight lifted. |
| Flexibility? | By amount of joint movement. |
| Stamina? | By the time of sustained exercise. |
| Agility? | By changing direction many times. |
| Speed? | A sprint race. |
| Smoking can increase blood pressure in a number of ways. How does carbon monoxide in cigarette smoke increase blood pressure? | Carbon monoxide in cigarette smokes causes the blood to carry less oxygen. this means that the heart rate increases so the tissues receive enough oxygen. |
| Which chemical in cigarette smoke can directly increase blood pressure? | Nicotine in cigarette smoke directly increases heart rate. |
| What is the effect of carbon monoxide on the body? | Carbon monoxide decreases the oxygen carrying capacity of the blood. It combines with haemoglobin, preventing it from combining with oxygen, so less oxygen is carried. |
| What is heart disease caused by? | Heart disease is caused by restricted blood flow to the heart muscle. |
| The risk of getting heart disease is increased by what? | High level of saturated fat in the diet, which leads to a build up of cholesterol (a plaque) in the arteries. High level of salt, which can increase blood pressure. |
| The narrowing of arteries is caused by what? | The narrowing of arteries is caused by plaques in the coronary arteries. |
| What can this narrowing of the arteries do? | The narrowing of the arteries caused by plaques in the coronary arteries can reduce blood flow to the heart muscle. |
| What do plaques make more likely to happen? | The plaques make blood clots or thrombosis more likely to happen, which will also block the artery. |
| What is thrombosis? | A blood clot in a blood vessel causing it to be blocked. |
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