9079988
Description
Flashcards by Ella Ivanovici, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Ella Ivanovici
over 7 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| what is gravity | it is the force that pull objects towards each other |
| what is mass | the measurement of the amount of matter in an object |
| what is weight | an measurement on gravity's affect on an object's mass |
| name all the planets in order (8) | mercury venus earth mars jupiter saturn uranus neptune |
| what is the difference between a rotation and a revolution and give examples | when an object turns around an internal axis (like the earth turns around it's axis) it is a rotation and when an object turns around an external axis (like the earth circles the sun) it is a revolution |
| what are terrestrial (inner) planets | they are smaller, closer to the sun and have rocky surfaces |
| name the terrestrial planets | mercury venus earth mars |
| what are gas (outer) planets | that are large, further form the sun and do not have solid surfaces |
| name the gas giant planets | jupiter saturn uranus neptune |
| what is an asteroid | small airless rocky worlds that are too small to be considered planets |
| where can the most asteroids be found | in the asteroid belt in between the orbits of mars and jupiter |
| what is a natural satellite and give an example | a celestial body that orbits around a lager celestial body for example the moon is a natural satellite for the earth |
| put the planets in order of largest to smallest | jupiter uranus saturn neptune earth venus mars mercury |
| what is opaque | light us either reflected or absorbed |
| what are translucent objects | light is scattered and transmitted some |
| what are transparent objects | light transmitted because of no scattering color transmitted incolore you see all other colours are absorbed |
| what does absorption of heat mean | when a light wave is absorbed by an object it is converted to heat energy |
| what does relection of light mean | reflexion is when light bounces of an object (ex: glass or water) |
| what is part of the visible spectrum | the light we can see (ROYGBIV) |
| what does ROYGBIV stand for | Red-biggest wavelength Orange Yellow Green Blue Indigo Violet-smallest wavelength |
| what is part of the invisible spectrum | radio waves, ultraviolet Rays, X rays, gamma rays |
| what is the crest of a wavelength | the highest point of a wavelength |
| what is the trough of a wavelength | the lowest point of a wavelength |
| what is white light | when white light passes through the prism and breaks into the colours of ROYGBIV which is the visible spectrum which is part of the electromagnetic spectrum |
| what are the seven types of EM waves in order | 1. radio 2. microwave 3. infrared 4. visible light 5. ultra violet 6. X-rays 7. Gamma rays |
| what are radio waves used for and what are they | they have the longest wavelength and lowest frequency for radio and TV broadcasting |
| what is an infrared rays and what are they used for | light rays with longer wavelengths than red lights used for cooking, medicine, TV remotes |
| what are ultraviolet waves | electromagnetic waves with frequencies slightly higher then visible light used for food processing and to kill germs |
| what are X-rays and what are they used for | EM rays that are shorter that UV rays they are used for medicine |
| what are gamma rays and what are they used for | highest frequency EM waves and shortest wavelength used for cancer treatment |
| what is day | the time between sunrise and sunset |
| what is night | the period of darkness between sunset and sunrise |
| what causes night and day | day and night are caused by the rotation of our planet on it's axis |
| how long is a cycle of day and night | 24 hours |
| when is it day | when our location on earth is turned towards the sun |
| what is night | when our location on the earth is faced away from the sun |
| what is the dark side of the moon | the side that never faces the earth |
| what is a lunar cycle | the change of appearance of the moon as it makes a full revolution around the earth |
| name the steps of the lunar cycle in order (8) | new moon waxing crescent first quarter waxing gibbous full moon waining gibbous third quarter waining crescent |
| what is a new moon | the first moon phase it appears unlit from earth the moon is between the earth and the sun |
| what is the waxing crescent | the light is on the right and it is new and bright |
| what is a first quarter | the moon is one quarter f the way through its circle from earth it appears to be half lit on the right |
| what is a waxing gibbous | from earth the moon appears to be more than half lit on the right |
| what is a full moon | from the earth the moon appears fully lit the earth is between the sun and the moon |
| what is a waining gibbous | from the earth the moon appears more than half lit on the left |
| what is the third or last quarter | the moon is three quarters of the way through it's cycle it is half lit on the left |
| what is a waining crescent | the lighted part of the moon as seen from earth is decreasing on the left |
| what are spring tides | a tide just after a full or new moon, where there is the highest difference between high and low water |
| what are neap tides | a tide just after a first or third quarter, where there is the least difference between high and low water |
| what are seasons | a season is one of the four divisions of the year it is marked by the change in weather and different amounts of daylight |
| what causes the change of seasons | season are caused by the sunlight tilt on the earth. the earth rotates around an invisible axis |
| what causes summer | when a hemisphere is tilted towards the sun it experiences summer |
| what causes winter | when a hemisphere is tilted away from the sun it experiences winter |
| what causes spring and fall | what the axis is parallel to the sun |
| label this diagram | |
| label this diagram | |
| what are is an equinox | the time at which the sun crosses the celestial equator also day and night are equal |
| what is a solstice | when the sun reaches it's highest or lowest point in the sky |
| what is a leap year | a year occurring one every four years that has 366 days instead of 365 days |
| what is an eclipse | an eclipse is when the moon ad the earth align themselves with the sun. this makes people on earth not able t see the sun because the moon blocks it with a perfect straight alignment |
| what is a solar eclipse | a solar eclips occurs when the moon gets between the earth and the sun |
| what is a lunar eclipse | a lunar eclipse occurs when the moon passes directly behind the sun and into it's shadow |
| what are northern lights | others lights occur as a result of charged particles in earths magnetic field colliding with earth's atmosphere |
| what are comets | a comet is an icy body that releases dust and gas |
| what is an asteroid | asteroids are rocky metallic objects tat orbit stars or the sun |
| what is a meteoroid | a small body moving is the solar system that become meters when entered into the earth's atmosphere |
| what are shooting stars | small rapidly moving meteors burning up on entering the earths atmosphere |
| what are craters | a large bowl -shaped cavity in the ground |
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