The future constitutes a complex area of grammar. Frequently more than one form can be used,
usually with a difference in meaning
The will/shall future
affirmative: I/we shall/will; you/he/they will + bare infinitive
negative: I/we shall/will not; you/he/they will not + bare infinitive
interrogative: shall/will I … ?; will you/he/they …? + bare infinitive
contractions: ’ll for shall and will; shan’t for shall not; won’t for will not
The be going to future
affirmative: I am / you are / he is etc. + going to + bare infinitive
negative I am not / you are not / he is not etc. + going to + bare infinitive
interrogative: Are you not / Is he not + going to + bare infinitive … ?
The present continuous as future
affirmative: I am / you are / he is etc. working next Saturday
negative: I am not / you are not / he is not etc. working next Saturday
interrogative: Are you / is he etc. working next Saturday?
Present simple as future
It is used to talk about fixed plans,
programmed events, people’s
schedules such as travel itineraries,
organized trips and the like.
The present simple is also used to
refer to future events in clauses of
time and condition following if,
unless, as long as, when, as soon as,
before, after, until, by the time etc.:
Example:
I’ll pay you as soon as you have finished the work
The future continuous
The construction will + be + -ing form is
used to talk about actions/processes in
progress at a particular time in the
future.
Example:
Don’t call on him early in the afternoon.
He’ll be sleeping Thank God, in a few days
I’ll just be lying on the beach
The future perfect
The future perfect is formed by
will/shall + have + past participle. It is
used to talk about something which
will, or won’t, be finished or completed
by a certain time in the future
Example:
I won’t have finished this
book by tomorrow The
bridge will have been built
two years from now
The future in the past
In order to talk about an event which was in the
future at a certain time in the past we can use
the past forms of the various future structures,
namely should/would instead of shall/will,
was/were going to instead of am/are/is going
to, the past progressive instead of the present
progressive, was/were to instead of are/is to:
Example:
He said he would send them a postcard The
ceremony was beginning at 7 p.m. They were
going to argue again