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1_1.The Old Regime
Description
the old regime was the economic and political system found up to the 18thC
No tags specified
enlightment
4º de eso
Mind Map by
Kany Toure Lam
, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by
Noelia Fernández
almost 8 years ago
Copied by
Kany Toure Lam
almost 8 years ago
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Resource summary
1_1.The Old Regime
The Old Regime (up to 18th C)
Society of States
Nobility
High nobility(high possitions)
Low nobility(less money)
Clergy
High(archbishops)
Low(priests)
Commoners(third state)
Bourgeoise(doctors,artisans..)
Peasantry(largest group)
The agrarian sector
Crop agriculture and livestock farming
Peasants practised it
Lands belong to nobles
Artisanal activity and trade
Guilds:controlled artisanal activity
Domestic system(new)
Royal factories:luxury
Foreign trade:exchange
Triangular trade: Africa-Europe-America
Systems of goverment
Absolutism
system of goverment in 18th C
Monarchs held the full powers
Mercantilism: fixed trade price
English parliamentarism
English Civil War(Charles 1 executed)
Glorious Revolution
New Parliamentary system
Not ruler alone
Bill of Rights
Separation of powers
The Dutch Republic
Separation of seven provinces in N Netherlands
Own Parliament
Assembled at Estates General
The Enlightenment
The War of Spanish Succession
Enlightened depotism in Spain
THE ENLIGHTENMENT
Reason shoul be applied to all areas of life
Natural rights belong to all human beings
Knowledge was the key of happiness, it take an important place on education
Tolerance was the basis of coexistence
ENLIGHTENMENT THINKERS
john Locke
The state was the result of a social contract between the government and the people
ELIGHTENMENT DESPOTISM
Education: they founded new educational institutions
Government created new legal codes and required the privileged estates to pay taxes
Land: they expropiated unused land
SPANISH SUCCESION
King Carlos II died without children
Carlos II named Philippe of Anjou as his successor, but Archduke Charles did not accept
Castille supported Phillippe of Anjou, while Aragón supported Archduke Charles
The Treaty of Utrecht recognised the Bourbon candidate Philippe, who became Felipe V King of Spain
EARLY BOURBON RULE
Felipe V centralised administration in Spain
In government, he did not use old councils, but he created a new figure: the secretary of state
Fernando VI continued these reforms, and also strengthened the navy.
The Catastro of Ensenada was a large scale census and geographical investigation
Spain recovered Naples and Sicily
ENLIGHTENED DEPOTISM OF CARLOS III
Initiated a wide range-ranging reform programme
Attempt to modernise traditional Spanish clothing led to the Esquilach Riots
Their reforms attempted to modernise Spain:
The church: parts of the church were an obstacle to modernisation
Economic development: Spanish ports were allowed to develop free trade with America
Education: new schools were built, secondary an university curricula were renovated
Economic Societies of Friends of the Country: met to discuss a variety of subjects, they founded schools to train artisansand farmers
CARLOS IV AND THE END OF REFORM
Carlos IV became king in1788
A year later the French Revolution started
Most reforms were stopped
In 1805, the powerful British navy destroyed the Spanish fleet in the Battle of Trafalgar
In 1808, Carlos IV abdicated in favour of his son, Fernando VII
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