The waters of this lake are relatively rich in calcium,
magnesium, potassium and bromine, and relatively poor in
sodium, sulphates and carbonates, a composition
significantly different from that of seawater. Strictly
speaking, the usual definition of salinity is not applicable; Its
quasi-salinity is defined based on the removal of the water
density of 1000 kg / m 3 at a reference temperature of 25 °
C. The quasi-salinity of its deep waters is 235 kg / m³, which
corresponds to a salinity of 28%, and grows at a rate of 0.5
kg / m³ / year in summer, and practically does not decrease
in winter. In the surface layer can reach a maximum of
238-240 kg / m³ coinciding with the maximum temperature
34-35 ° C. The salinity varies with the depth, season and
hydrological regime of the lake, which passes through
holomítico and meromítico periods.
Location
Description
Is a salty endorheic lake located in a deep depression
at 430 meters below sea level between Israel, Palestine
and Jordan. It occupies the deepest part of a tectonic
depression crossed by the river Jordan and that also
includes the lake of Tiberíades. The ancient Greeks
called it Lake Asfaltites, because of the asphalt
deposits that are on its banks, known and exploited
since the Old Age. It is about 80 km long and a
maximum width of about 16 km; Its surface is
approximately of 810 km ². It receives water from the
Jordan River, from other smaller sources and from the
little precipitation that occurs on the lake, and the level
of its waters is the result of the balance between these
contributions and evaporation.