15652488
Description
Mind Map by Fatima Alkhateeb, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Fatima Alkhateeb
almost 6 years ago
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Ahmed has tremors
- Anatomy of the basal
ganglia
- Anatomical
distribution
- Claustrum
- Lentiform
- Caudate
- Amygdala
- Amygdala
- Caudate
- Lentiform
- Claustrum
- Functional
distribution
- Claustrum
- Lentiform
- Subthalamic
- Substantia
Nigra
- Substantia
Nigra
- Subthalamic
- Lentiform
- Claustrum
- Anatomical
distribution
- Physiology of basal
ganglia
- Direct
- Indirect
- Direct
- Tremors
- Tremor is defined as a rhythmic,
involuntary, oscillating movement of
a body part occurring in isolation or
as part of a clinical syndrome
- Causes
- Neurological
- Stroke
- TBI
- Multiple sclerosis
- Multiple sclerosis
- TBI
- Stroke
- Others
- Alcohol abuse
- Mercury poisoning
- Mercury poisoning
- Alcohol abuse
- Neurological
- Types
- Causes
- Tremor is defined as a rhythmic,
involuntary, oscillating movement of
a body part occurring in isolation or
as part of a clinical syndrome
- Parkinson's disease
- Causes
- Dopamine loss in
the substantial
nigra substance
- Genetic
or
environmental
- Falls and
aspiration
pneumonia
are the
main cause
of death
- Falls and
aspiration
pneumonia
are the
main cause
of death
- Genetic
or
environmental
- Dopamine loss in
the substantial
nigra substance
- Signs and
symptoms
- Stages
- Stage one
- During this initial stage, the person has mild symptoms that
generally do not interfere with daily activities. Tremor and
other movement symptoms occur on one side of the body only.
Changes in posture, walking and facial expressions occur.
- Stage two
- Symptoms start getting worse. Tremor,
rigidity and other movement symptoms
affect both sides of the body. Walking
problems and poor posture may be apparent.
The person is still able to live alone, but daily
tasks are more difficult and lengthy.
- Stage 3
- Considered mid-stage, loss of balance and slowness of
movements are hallmarks. Falls are more common. The
person is still fully independent, but symptoms
significantly impair activities such as dressing and eating.
- Stage 4
- At this point, symptoms are severe and
limiting. It’s possible to stand without
assistance, but movement may require a
walker. The person needs help with activities
of daily living and is unable to live alone.
Stage Five
- At this point, symptoms are severe and
limiting. It’s possible to stand without
assistance, but movement may require a
walker. The person needs help with activities
of daily living and is unable to live alone.
Stage Five
- Stage 4
- Considered mid-stage, loss of balance and slowness of
movements are hallmarks. Falls are more common. The
person is still fully independent, but symptoms
significantly impair activities such as dressing and eating.
- Stage 3
- Symptoms start getting worse. Tremor,
rigidity and other movement symptoms
affect both sides of the body. Walking
problems and poor posture may be apparent.
The person is still able to live alone, but daily
tasks are more difficult and lengthy.
- Stage two
- During this initial stage, the person has mild symptoms that
generally do not interfere with daily activities. Tremor and
other movement symptoms occur on one side of the body only.
Changes in posture, walking and facial expressions occur.
- Stage one
- Stages
- Pathology
- PALLOR of the
SUBSTANTIA NIGRA
- LEWY BODIES
(alpha-synuclein
protein)
- α-synuclein, a protein involved
in synaptic transmission.
- Treatment
- Levodopa/Carbidopa
- COMT inhibitors
- Antiviral
agents
- MAO B inhibitors
- Selegilline
Rasagelline
- Dopamine
Agonists
- Pramipexole
- Pramipexole
- Selegilline
Rasagelline
- Amantidine
- MAO B inhibitors
- Entacapone
Tolcapone
- Antiviral
agents
- COMT inhibitors
- Levodopa/Carbidopa
- Treatment
- α-synuclein, a protein involved
in synaptic transmission.
- LEWY BODIES
(alpha-synuclein
protein)
- PALLOR of the
SUBSTANTIA NIGRA
- Causes
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