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467046
WWII
Description
Mind Map on WWII, created by rmahony on 07/01/2014.
Mind Map by
rmahony
, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by
Tom Lea
almost 11 years ago
Copied by
rmahony
almost 11 years ago
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Resource summary
WWII
Declaration of war
Linlithgow's statement
Hypocritical - as he said they'd fight against rule of foreign power
Congress - Provincial Ministers resign in protest
Muslim League Leaders take their positions
No consultation with Indians
Congress
Support war against fascism esp. Nehru
Gandhi
Thinks war should be solved through Ahimsa
Offers to travel to Ger and negotiate with Hitler
Indian contribution
2million fought - all religious/communal groups
Princes sent armies, munitions etc
British dropped the idea of federation to ensure princes support
Impact of Churchill
Views/attitudes
Imperialist
Key member of India Defence League
Saw India as 'jewel in the crown'
Wants to maintain status quo
stubborn, opionated
Lord Zetland (SoSI) resigns when Churchill becomes PM - knows his views would be incompatible
Atlantic Charter 1941
Agreement between Churchill and Roosevelt
Cemented mutual belief in values of 'sovereign rights and self gov' for nations
interpreted differently by C and R
R meant all nations C pretended he thought it meant newly created countries
Churchill had to sign - needed US support in WWII
1940 offer
Offered dominion status after the war
Congress reject - are committed to 'purna swaraj'
Brit knew this would be popular in U.S
Churchill reluctant to offer even this limited solution
Cripps mission 1942
Offer: Dominion status at end of war, more reps on executive council now
Reaction - rejected Congress - Not Purna Swaraj
British motivation for mission
Appease US demands for more self gov - gain support in war
Show international community Brit is at least trying to make reforms and its Indians' fault they aren't working
Try and prevent Congress campaign
Set up to fail?
Didn't tell Linlithgow Cripps was going
Knew that the offer would be rejected
Wants to damage Cripps' rep too - political rival
Lahore Resolution 1940
Demand for a seperate Muslim state - Pakistan
Result of Congress' refusal to allow Muslims on Prov Govs after '37 elections
Made by Jinnah
Initially seen as a bargaining chip by Jinnah
Deliberately vague - wants to scare Congress into compromising
Quit India 1942-1943
Indian Actions
Mass Civil disobedience campaign
Some violent actions
Attempt to seize Delhi using guerrila tactics
Called on US soldiers to support
Public transport targeted
Riots, arson
British reactions
Coordinated by Linlithgow
Overides opposition of executive council
Hundreds killed
500 imprisoned without trial
Villages burnt
Aircraft used to machine-gun crowd
Violent reaction due to war time
Successfully crushed by 1943
Why launched?
Failure of Cripps mission
Congress disillusionment with Political negotiations
INA
Independence group, led by Bose
Bose met with Hitler looking for support - he sent them to the Japanese
Supported by Japanese
Propaganda
Equipment
Men - taken from Japanese PoW camps.
Fought in India at Imphal and Kohima against the British
Easily beaten - lack of org, equip etc.
A threat?
Yes!
Somewhere between 15 and 50 thousand troops
Controlled Adaman Islands
ability to create unrest in India
No
destroyed in battle
Poor equip, org etc.
PoWs captured by British
Prob for Brit - either let them go = weak or punish them = create unrest
Put on trial one PoW from each religious community in attempt to seem fair.
This unites opposition Britian forced to release them. Worst of both worlds
Wavell
why chosen?
military
Churchill wanted to continue hardline approach
would follow orders
no real political views
Churchill thought he'd be easy to control
Bengal famine
Solved the problem
Took a humanitarian approach
Successfully negotiates grain from Churchill against Ch's wishes
Practical - 'great man for solutions'
Simla Conference 1945
Discuss moves towards further reform
Wavell organised this despite Churhill's opposition
No agreement reached - Jinnah particularly obstructive as he realises this gains him personal political power.
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