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What were 'The Crusades'?
- The First Crusade was an attempt to re-capture Jerusalem.
- The First and Second Crusades
- The First Crusade (1096-1099) was the most successful.
- The crusaders captured Jerusalem and dominated the region of Palestine by 1099
- The First Crusade (1096-1099) was the most successful.
- The crusaders then created three feudal kingdoms
- centered on the cities of Antioch, Tripoli, and Edessa.
- The First and Second Crusades
- Jerusalem was controlled by
Muslims
- cause of crusades was the centralization of the monarchies of Europe
- combined with the growing spiritual power of the Church
- combined with the growing spiritual power of the Church
- produced a new “barbarian” invasion to the region of Palestine.
- cause of crusades was the centralization of the monarchies of Europe
- In 1095, Pope Urban II received the Byzantine emperor’s plea
- to help open the Holy Land
- and defend against the Turks the region.
- and defend against the Turks the region.
- to help open the Holy Land
- The pope saw the plea as a political opportunity to extend the
power of the Church in Europe and Palestine.
- Urban II made his official impassioned speech for help to a
large crowd in a field in Clermont, France.
- a crusade or holy war against the Muslim forces in the
Holy Land that promised penance for the crusaders.
- Urban II made his official impassioned speech for help to a
large crowd in a field in Clermont, France.
- But these feudal states were in a constant state of need and depended on Europe economically and politically.
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