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539862
C1.2 and C1.3
Description
Mind Map on C1.2 and C1.3, created by evan.madeley on 10/02/2014.
Mind Map by
evan.madeley
, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by
evan.madeley
over 10 years ago
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Resource summary
C1.2 and C1.3
Limestone
Calcium Carbonate
Building Material
making cement mortar and concrete
limestone roasted with clay makes cement
add sand and water to make mortar
add aggregate concrete is made
cheap and easy to maintain
eroded by acid rain
quarried
heating limestone
decomposes in kiln
called thermal decomposition
breaks down into
calcium oxide
add water to produce calcium hydroxide
carbon dioxide
ores
earths crust
called minerals
contains enough metal to be economically viable
found by mining
extracting metals
unreactive metals obtained by panning
less reactive than carbon are heated with carbon
more reactive than carbon electroloysis
most metals found as metal oxides
extraction of copper
conducor of heat
good conductor of electrcity
doesnt react with water
can be extracted by copper rich ores
by heating in a furnace
called smelting
can then be purified by electroloysis
can be found from scrap iron by displacement
electroloysis
during electroloysis positive copper irons go to negative electrode
running out of copper
extracted from low grade ores
bioleaching
uses bacteria to extract low grade ores
a solution containing bacteria is mixed with a low grade ore
the bacteria convert into solution where easily extracted
phytomining
uses plants to absorb copper
as the plant grows it absorbs and stores copper
the plants are burned the ash produced contains copper
iron
iron oxide
can be reduced by blast furnace
produces molten iron
contains 96% iron and 4% carbon
impure iron is brittle
impurities removed to make pure iron
atoms in pure iron are arranged in layers
these can easily slide over each other
this makes it soft and malleable
alloys
many metals are too soft for everyday use
e.g. gold and aluminium
they are mixed with small amounts of other metals
this makes them much harder e.g. coins
steel
carbon is added to iron to make steel
steels properties
high carbon content is hard and strong
low carbon content is soft and malleable
stainless steal is hard and resistant to corrosion
Media attachments
steel.gif (image/gif)
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