Henry VIII International Politics (Foreign Policy 1509 onwards)
League of Cambrai 1508
Featured all major powers of Europe against
Venetians
England excluded
Lasted until 1510
United Pope, France
and HRE together
Holy League 1511
Was created to unite all of Europe including
England against France
Moved Venice onto the side of masses -
were not the enemy
Made England centre of
European Politics
1512 Campaigns in France
Henry allies with Spain to invade France
Spain invade from
South, take Navarre -
all they were after?
England had to leave after
desertion, mutiny and dysentry
1513 - Battle of Spurs
Henry allies with Maximillian (HRE)
First military involvement by
Wolsey - efficient, effective and
up to date
humiliating defeat for
French
Makes Henry head of the Holy League Crusades - glory, chivalry - goals
Henry didn't conquer
France and make a great
empire - mocked
internationally? France
were paying £10,000 p.a.
not to invade France and
Henry spent £1.5m in a
year.
1513 - Battle of Flodden Field
James fought with around 35k soldiers (after desertion)
and Henry's forces 26k.
Henry away fighting in France so the
army was under the control of
Catherine of Aragon and the Duke of
Surrey
Showed the trust that Henry held in Catherine
and allies to leave them in defence of the
country.
Destroyed the Auld
Alliance - Scots worthless
and isolated France
English outnumbered by around 10k
but still won
England killed James,
9 Earls and 14 Lords
of Parliament
Louis XII dies 1515
1516 England allied with Spain
against France but was
betrayed
1517 England allied with HRE again betrayed
Treaty of
London 1518
Achieved European peace
Will also achieve Papal Ratificiation
Gave England
a way to take
control of
Francis
Designed to
unite the
countries of
Christianity
against the
concerning
Ottoman
Empire
1520 - Field of the Cloth of Gold
Built an entire town and castle from scratch
England spent around
£2m, each camp
occupied 2.5 acres and
was categorised by the
two tents made of gold
lined fabric.
Spending excess -
fountain which
continously pumped out
red wine, people
pumping it from the
underground 'reservoir
of wine'
Used to bring Francis and
Henry together as renaissance
men
Henry and Francis ally but the alliance is broken after 2 weeks as
Henry signed a treaty with Charles ensuring that neither of the two
sign treaties with France for 2 years.
Treaty of Windsor 1522 - the finalisation of an attack on France