Muslims established the first caliphates,or communities ruled by islamic
leaders.
Caliphates expanded both east and west from the Arabian
Peninsula.
Muhammad's death
Religion
The main reason of the region spread is that it offered a vibrant spiritual alternative to the polytheistic religions common to inhabitants of the Arabian Peninsula
Herdsman of both Africa envision a more stable and cohesive society.
Islam promoted all race and genders are equally treated
Trade
People from far distances were able to exchange goods.
Trade flourished immediately upon the establishment of the the first caliphates.
Muslims pioneered various banking practices,including bills of exchange,promissory notes and partnerships
Art
They produced innovative paintings.
Art historians also credit muslim architects.
They also made domes and other things like that.
Education
Muslims established the first madrasas.
Students learned to read and write Arabic.
Europeans owned their knowledge of Aristotle to muslim philosophers who preserved his texts.