Biology Unit 3: Detecting & Responding

1. Receptor
   1. Communication System
      1. Effector
         1. Response
            1. Feedback

1. Neurons
   1. Motor
   2. Sensory
   3. Connecting
2. Brain and Spine (CNS)
3. (PNS)
4. Action/Resting Potentials
   1. Depolarisation
   2. Repolarisation
   3. Refactory Period
   4. Synapes
   5. Neurotransmitters

1. Hormones
2. Glands

1. Protein Based

   Annotations:

   • CHON   lipophobic, hydrophillic
2. Amino Acid Derivative

   Annotations:

   • CHON   lipophobic, hydrophillic
3. Lipid Based

   Annotations:

   • CHO? lipophillic, hydrophobic eg. steroids, sex hormones 

1. Apoptosis

1. Gibberelin
2. Auxin
3. Cytokinins
4. Ethylene
5. Abscisic Acid

1. Physical
   1. Bark
   2. Cuticle
   3. Cell Wall
2. Chemical
   1. Enzymes
   2. Toxic Compounds
3. Both Physical & Chemical
   1. Galls

1. Bacteria
2. Fungi
3. Single celled Protozoa
4. Multicellular Parasites

   Annotations:

   • Endo/Exo

1. Viruses
2. Prions

1. Vaccine

   Annotations:

   • Prevent Disease
2. Immunisation

   Annotations:

   • acquiring immunity against disease

1. Heavy & Light Chain
2. Binding Site

1. 1st Line
   1. Intact Skin
   2. Tears
   3. Saliva
   4. Sweat
2. 2nd Line
   1. Specialised Cells
      1. Phagocytes
         1. Macrophages
         2. Neutrophils
      2. Inflammatory Cells
         1. Mast Cells
            1. Histamine
      3. Cytotoxic Cells
      4. Dendritic Cells
      5. Natural Killer Cells
   2. Molecules
      1. Complement Proteins
      2. Interferons
      3. Cytokines

1. Humoral

   Annotations:

   • In body fluid
   1. B Cells
   2. Antibodies
   3. Helper T Cells
   4. Cytokines
   5. MHC I Marker
   6. Memory B Cells
   7. Plasma Cells
2. Cell Mediated

   Annotations:

   • Within an infected cell
   1. T Cells
   2. Antigens
   3. Cytokines
   4. T Cell Receptors
   5. Antigen Presenting Cells
      1. Dendritic Cells
      2. Macrophages
      3. B Lymphocytes
   6. MHC II Marker
   7. Cytotoxic T Celll
   8. Helper T Cell
   9. Memory T Cells

Annotations:

• glycoproteins, also known as immunoglobulins

1. Coeliac
2. Type 1 Diabetes
3. Rheumatoid arthritis

1. Allergies
   1. Allergen

      Annotations:

      • Pollen, Nuts etc.
2. Organ Transplant

1. Passive

   Annotations:

   • Maternal Antibodies 
2. Active

   Annotations:

   • undergoes humoral or cell medicated response

1. Passive

   Annotations:

   • antibody transfer (antibody serum for poison)
2. Active

   Annotations:

   • immunisation