6.1 The Subjunctive

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Notes on the usage of the Subjunctive for French.
Meghan Miraglia
Mind Map by Meghan Miraglia, updated more than 1 year ago
Meghan Miraglia
Created by Meghan Miraglia about 7 years ago
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6.1 The Subjunctive
  1. How can it be used?
    1. used to express an attitude, opinion, person will, or to imply hypothesis or doubt.
    2. Formation
      1. take the ils/elles stem of the present indicative, and add the subjunctive endings.
        1. use this same pattern in order to form the subjunctive of verbs with spelling or stem changes.
        2. for nous and vous, use the imparfait forms.
          1. some verbs are unpredictably irregular in the present subjunctive.
            1. aller; aille, ailles, aille, allions, alliez, aillent.
              1. avoir; aie, aies, ait, ayons, yez, aient.
                1. etre; sois, sois, soit, soyons, soyez, soient.
                  1. faire; fasse, fasses, fasse, fassions, fassiez, fassent.
                    1. pouvoir; puisse, puisses, puisse, puissons, puissez, puissent.
                      1. savoir; sache, saches, sache, sachions, sachiez, sachent.
                        1. vouloir; veuille, veuilles, veuille, voulions, vouliez, veuillent.
                      2. How can I tell when it's used?
                        1. sentences calling for the subjunctive fit the pattern:
                          1. {main clause} + que + {subordinate clause}
                          2. the subjunctive is used after many impersonal expressions that state an opinion.
                            1. ce n'est pas la peine que
                              1. il est bon que
                                1. il est dommage que
                                  1. il est essential que
                                    1. il est etonnant que
                                      1. il est important que
                                        1. il est indespensible que
                                          1. il est necessaire que
                                            1. il est possible que
                                              1. il est surprenant que
                                                1. il faut que
                                                  1. il vaut mieux que
                                                2. Which verbs have irregular present subjunctive forms?
                                                  1. valoir (to be worth it) - qu'il vaille
                                                    1. falloir (to be necessary) - qu'il faille
                                                      1. pleuvoir (to rain) - qu'il pleuve
                                                      2. when the main clause of a sentence expresses WILL or EMOTION, use the subjunctive in the subordinate clause.
                                                        1. demander que
                                                          1. desirer que
                                                            1. exiger que
                                                              1. preferer que
                                                                1. suggerer que
                                                                  1. regretter que
                                                                  2. etre ravi(e) que
                                                                  3. proposer que
                                                                  4. recommander que
                                                                  5. souhaiter que
                                                                    1. The verb DEMANDER is often used with an indirect object + de + {infinitive},
                                                                    2. vouloir que
                                                                      1. aimer que
                                                                        1. avoir peur que
                                                                          1. etre content(e) que
                                                                            1. etre etonne(e) que
                                                                              1. etre fache (e) que
                                                                      2. ALTHOUGH the verb esperer expresses emotion, it does not trigger the subjunctive.
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