Wake up Dad

Anatomy
1. URT
Physiology
1. Neural breathing control
  1. Central control
    1. Medullary respiratory centers
      1. Dorsal group of neurons
        Nucleus Tractus Solitarius
      2. Ventral group of neurons
    2. Pons Respiratory centers
      1. Lower pons
        Pneumotexic centers
      2. Upper pons
        Apneustic centers
  2. Cerebral control
    1. Voluntary ventilation
2. Receptors
  1. Chemoreceptors
  2. Mechanoreceptors
  3. Irritant receptors
  4. 'J' receptors
Snoring
1. Snoring is due to vibration of soft palate and its thin edges called velum of the posterior faucial pillar due to partial air way obstruction during inspiration
Sleep apnea
1. Excessive snoring with intervals of breath cessation (apnea)
2. Signs and symptoms
  1. Nocturia
  2. Insomnia
  3. Daytime fatigue
  4. Pathophysiology
  5. Risk factors
    1. Excessive weight
    2. Male gender
    3. Large tonsils
    4. Family history
3. Investigations
  1. Physical examination
    1. Mallampati Score
      1. Polysomnography
4. Management
  1. CPAP
    1. continuous positive airway pressure it gently blow pressurized air through your airway at a constant pressure that keeps the throat from collapsing.
  2. Lifestyle changes

Resource summary

	Created by fatima alkhateeb about 7 years ago