AP Bio Unit 3: Cells

1. what types of cells are eukaryotic and which are prokaryotic?
   1. prokaryotic: bacteria
   2. eukaryotic: everything else
2. both: genetic material
3. prokaryotic
4. eukaryotic

1. SA/V
   1. more surface area means more contact with outside:
      1. material can travel through the same "amount of cell" more easily (so no cell death)
2. LAD

1. how do RER, Golgi apparatus and cell membrane work to create proteins for secretion or to be used in other organelles?
2. How do the products of bound vs. free ribosomes differ?
3. 1. cytoskeleton

   Annotations:

   • like a bridge, holds up the cell and its organelles...
   1. microtubuloes

      Annotations:

      • the large ones??
   2. microfilaments
4. 2. endomembrane system
5. 3.

Annotations:

• something abt cell origin story....

1. mitochondria and chloroplasts**
   1. circular DNA
   2. reproduction by binary fission
   3. generate ATP
   4. small ribosomes
   5. double membrane

1. gap junctions
2. plasmodesmata
3. tight junctions
4. desosomes

1. what factors affect the permeability of a phospholipid bilayer?

1. what can pass through a cell membrane?
   1. small, chargless compounds
2. contransport
3. exocytosis
   1. endocytosis
4. passive transport
   1. diffusion
      1. osmosis

         Annotations:

         • diffusion of water
   2. facilitated diffusion
5. active transport
   1. ex: pumps

1. isotonic
   1. plant cell reaction
   2. animal cell reaction
   3. protist reaction
2. hypertonic
   1. plant cell reaction
   2. animal cell reaction
   3. protist reaction
3. hypotonic
   1. plant cell reaction
   2. animal cell reaction
   3. protist reaction

1. gated ion channel receptors.

Annotations:

• occur for protein based receptors

1. phosphorylation cascades

1. how bacteria communicate
   1. they are actually a multii-cellular organism

1. types of signals
   1. protein based
      1. hydrophilic: cannot pass through lipid bylayer

         Annotations:

         • so bind through 
         1. bind to transmembrane receptors
   2. lipid based