Jewish Practices

Jewish Practices

Rituals
1. Brit Milah
  1. 8 days after birth
  2. ‘Covenant of circumcision’
    1. Between Abraham and God
  3. Performed in front of the Minyan
2. Bar Mitzvah
  1. 'Son of the Mitzvah'
  2. 13 years old
  3. A year of preparation
    1. Learning some Hebrew
    2. learning the Torah
    3. Learning religious teachings
3. Bat Mitzvah
  1. Reform tradition
  2. 'Daughter of Mitzvah'
  3. 12 years old
  4. Celebrated same way as Bar Mitzvah
4. Bat Chayil
  1. 'Daughter of Valour'
  2. Not required to read the Torah
  3. Give presentation of what they've learned about Judaism and prayer
  4. Party followed
5. Marriage
  1. Very important as it forms a special bond
    1. Emphithised in the Torah
  2. Kiddushin - Marriage blessing
  3. Takes place under a canopy called the Chuppah
  4. Groom has to sign a contact called the Ketubah
    1. Contains his promises to his wife
    2. Reform Jews bride and groom sign
  5. Orthodox don't allow mixed marriages
    1. Reform Jews do
    2. It says in the Torah
6. Mourning Rituals
  1. Oneineim
    1. Close relatives in the first phase of mouring
  2. Shiva - seven
    1. Period of mouring
  3. Kaddish
    1. A prayer of praise recited at funerals
  4. Yahreit - death anniversary
7. Divorce
  1. Jews recognise marriage breakdown
  2. Have to get a 'Get'
    1. A divorce document and without it the couple is still married
  3. Can remarry 3 months after 'Get' is given
    1. So it is clear who the baby's parents are
The Synagogue
1. Features
  1. Magen David - Star of David
  2. Should face towards Jerusalem
  3. No pictures or statues
  4. Aron Ha Kodesh - The Ark
  5. Sefer Torah - The Torah Scrolls
  6. Ner Tamid - Everlasting light shows God is present
  7. Menorah - Seven branched candlestick
  8. The Bimah - raised platform
  9. Mikueh - pool of natural water used for purification
2. Hebrew name is Beit K'nesset
3. House of Prayer
4. House of Assembly
5. House of Study
Festivals
1. Pesach
  1. Passover
  2. To remember how Moses led the Israelites out of Egypt
  3. On the first night of Pesach, a special service called a Seder takes place
    1. Lamb bone
      1. To remember the sacrificed lamb whose blood marked the doorpost
    2. Roasted egg
      1. A symbol of new life
    3. Green vegetables dipped in salt water
      1. A sign of tears
    4. Bitter herbs
      1. To remember the bitterness of salvery
    5. Charsoet - paste made of chopped apples, walnuts and wine
      1. To remember the mortar that the Jews used
    6. Matzah - unleavened bread
      1. To remember how quickly they had to leave Egypt
    7. Parsley
      1. To represent a fresh start after Egypt
2. Rosh Hashanah
  1. Jewish New year
    1. Fresh start
  2. Lasts two days
  3. Commemorates the creation of the world
  4. Judgement day
    1. Jews are for forgiveness
  5. Blowing of the Shofar marks the beginning of the Days of Awe
    1. Ram's horn
3. Yom Kippur
  1. Day of Atonement
  2. Rules that must be followed are
    1. No food or drink is consumed for 25 hours
    2. No make-up or perfume is worn
    3. No sexual intercourse
    4. No bathing
    5. No leather shoes are worn
4. Sukkot
  1. Jewish harvest festival.
  2. To remember that God protected and cared for their ancestors in the desert
  3. Some Jews build Sukkah in their garden with their families
Daily Life
1. Tenakh
  1. Hebrew Bible which contains the Torah, Prophets and writings
2. Oral Torah
  1. Helps understand the written Torah
3. Mishnah
  1. Collection of the Oral law
4. Midrash
  1. Collections of commentaries and stories composed by rabbis
5. Talmud
  1. Collective oral traditions
6. Kosher
  1. Foods Jews can eat
  2. All meat except pig
  3. Fish with scales
    1. Salmon, Haddock, Cod, Tuna
  4. Birds
7. Trefah
  1. Foods that Jews can't eat
  2. pigs
  3. Fish without scales
    1. Eels, Whales, Sharks
  4. Most bird of prey
8. Jews can not mix dairy with meat
  1. The Torah forbids eating meat and milk in combination, and even forbids the act of cooking them together
Worship
1. Shabbat
  1. Recalls the wonder of God's creation
  2. Time to relax, study the Torah, worship God and spend time with friends and family
  3. Certain rules must be followed
    1. All of can be broken for Pikuach Nefesh
  4. Starts 18 mins before sunset on Friday
    1. Finishes 42 mins after sunset of Saturday
  5. Women of the house would lit 2 candles
  6. Often Jews would go to the synagogue on Friday and Saturday
  7. Meals are prepared prior to the Shabbat
2. Prayer
  1. Shema - the main declaration of Jewish faith in One God
  2. Amidah - central prayer of all synagogue services recited quietly while standing
  3. Mezvzah - a parchment scroll which the Shema has been carefully written
    1. Placed on the doorpost
3. Daily Prayer
  1. Orthodox Jews pray 3 times a day
  2. Chumash - printed version of the 5 books of Moses
    1. Used to read and study the Torah
  3. The Siddur guides Jews through daily prayer
  4. Prayer often begins with Modeh Ani
4. Religious Clothing
  1. Talit gadol - garment worn during prayer by Orthodox Jews
    1. Reminder that God is love around them
  2. Kippah - worn during pray service as a mark of respect
    1. Orthodox Jews wear it all day
    2. God is presence above all things
  3. Tefillin - small leather box containing handwritten Torah texts
    1. One is tied to the head
      1. God is in their mind
    2. One on the arm near the heart
      1. Love God with all their strength

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	Created by Daniel Marcantonio about 7 years ago