12116581
Description
Mind Map by 2402 2003, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Vince Mendoza
almost 7 years ago
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Copied by 2402 2003
almost 7 years ago
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CPU
- The purpose and function of a CPU (Processor) is to fetch,
decode and execute instructions (process data) in a
computer system
- Components of the CPU
- Cache
- Stores frequently/commonly
used data
- Acts as a intermediary
between the
processor and RAM
- Larger Cache = Faster Processing; Saves
fetching the instructions and data repeatedly
from RAM – a relatively slow process which
keeps the CPU waiting otherwise
- Stores frequently/commonly
used data
- ALU
- Arithmetic Logic Unit performs
arithmetic calculations (e.g.
Numbers) and logic functions
(>,<,=,!=).
- Arithmetic Logic Unit performs
arithmetic calculations (e.g.
Numbers) and logic functions
(>,<,=,!=).
- Control Unit
- Controls the flow of data transfers
between CPU and the timing of
operations in the computer.
- Checks that information have
been delivered successfully
between hardware/CPU
- Controls the flow of data transfers
between CPU and the timing of
operations in the computer.
- Cache
- The “brains” of the computer;
Computer cannot run without it
- Stores Data into Main Memory
once instructions are executed
- Factors which affect the CPU's Performance
- Cache Size
- Larger Cache = Faster Processing
- Has 3 levels
- L1 - Usually part of the CPU already and is the smallest
and the fastest cache to be accessed
- L2 & L3 - Extra Caches that can be built between the CPU and the RAM. The more L2 and
L3 memory available, the faster a computer can run. However, L2 and L3 cache takes
slightly longer to access than L1 because it's further away from the CPU than L1
- L2 & L3 - Extra Caches that can be built between the CPU and the RAM. The more L2 and
L3 memory available, the faster a computer can run. However, L2 and L3 cache takes
slightly longer to access than L1 because it's further away from the CPU than L1
- L1 - Usually part of the CPU already and is the smallest
and the fastest cache to be accessed
- Larger Cache = Faster Processing
- Clock Speed
- How fast the computer is at executing
instructions per second
- Measured in Hertz
- 1GHz Processor executes
1 Billion Instructions per
second
- 2GHz = 2 Billion
4GHz = 4 Billion
etc.
- 2GHz = 2 Billion
4GHz = 4 Billion
etc.
- Number of Cycles per second
- 1GHz Processor executes
1 Billion Instructions per
second
- How fast the computer is at executing
instructions per second
- Cores
- The purpose of Cores is to allow more
instructions to be done simultaneously
- Processors can have multi-cores
- Dual Core
Quad Core
8 Core
- The amount of cores multiplies the
number of instructions which can
be executed
- e.g. 2GHz Single Core Processor executes 2 Billion Instructions
2GHz Quad Core Processor executes 8 Billion Instructions 2x4 = 8
- e.g. 2GHz Single Core Processor executes 2 Billion Instructions
2GHz Quad Core Processor executes 8 Billion Instructions 2x4 = 8
- Dual Core
Quad Core
8 Core
- The purpose of Cores is to allow more
instructions to be done simultaneously
- Cache Size
- Central Processing Unit
- POST (Power-On-Self-Test)
- A program used In the BIOS chip
(Basic Input/Output System) which
checks that all hardware and
software is running properly
- A message is sent to the monitor if the
hardware/software isn't working properly
- Happens when the computer
system is 'booted up' (turned on)
- A program used In the BIOS chip
(Basic Input/Output System) which
checks that all hardware and
software is running properly
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