Females invest more than
males. Big egg small sperm
Males never 100% sure its his,
reason why dont invest heavily
Females invest more as when
infant born theyre helpless
Costs of maternal investment makes random
mating costly for females. Have to carry infant for 9
months, then care for it next few years. Males invest
few moments of copulation and teaspoon of sperm
A02
Support...
BAKER AND BELLIS- females must ensure good quality
genes. so marry man with resources, but shop around for
man with good genes. 14% of children not related to father
GEHER- differences in
ANS arousal found males
are biologically less
prepared than females to
confront issues with
parenting
However...
DALY AND WILSON- expressed the
ricks of cuckoldry as being abandoned
which would stop income of
resources, and risk of abandonment
Paternal
A01
Males invest less as
costs of random mating
is less for males
Males must protect
themselves from cuckoldry
Sexual Jealousy evolved from cuckoldry.
For males, more jelaous of sexual cheating
due to cuckoldry. For females, more jealous
of emotional focus as loss of resources
Grandparents of
maternal line invest
more than paternal
A02
Support...
BUSS- Male students want
sexually faithful, women
want emotionally faithful
HOWEVER- Students so not generalisable
However...
BELSKY- males childhood
has an impact on their
investment to own child
DUNBAR- if males increase success of childrearing
it will pay them due to joint parental care
ANDERSON- fathers and step fathers invest
the same amount. dont discriminate
REID- if males invest more
into offspring it can lead to
healthy lifestyle and decrease
in infant mortality
HARRIS- men tend to respond with greater arousal
to sexual imager, challenging view sex difference in
jealousy is adaptive in males and females
A03
REDUCTIONIST- Rowe argues
male investment depends on
personal and social conditions
and personality of male.
SOCIALLY SENSITIVE- Women
may not want to admit their
husband is not childs bio father
CULTURAL BIAS- varies across cultures, as some
dont believe in monogomy so multiple husbands or
wives arent a problem so no sexual jealousy