Body mass index (BMI) is a
measure of body fat based
on your weight in relation to
your height, and applies to
most adult men and women
aged 20 and over.
Normal BMI: 18.5-24.9 kg/m2
Overweight: 25-29.9 kg/m2
Obese: starting from 30+ kg/m2
Obesity
Overweight and obesity are defined as abnormal or
excessive fat accumulation that presents a risk to health.
Epidemeology
WHO Regions of the Americas (62% for
overweight in both sexes, and 26% for obesity)
WHO Region for South East Asia (14%
overweight in both sexes and 3% for obesity).
“Energy balance” is the relationship between “energy in” (food
calories taken into the body through food and drink) and
“energy out” (calories being used in the body for our daily
energy requirements).
Physiology of hunger
Hunger
Craving for food because of the need for energy
No mechanism to
inhibit hunger
Appetite
Desire for food
(want to eat) of a
particular type
Neuronal control of food intake
Anatomy of the liver
Histology
Liver
Functions
Bile production (bile
important in fat digestion)
Storage of minerals
and vitamines
Detoxification
Convert wastes to
kidneys for excretion
Management
Phenteramine
Topiramte/phentiramine
Lorcaserin
Liraglutide
Natrexone/bupropion
Gastric banding surgery
In gastric banding surgery, no part of the stomach is
removed .Either staples or a band are used to separate
the stomach into two parts, one of which is a very
small pouch that can hold about one ounce of food
Manopause
Signs and symptoms
Hot flashes
Night sweats
Sleep problems
Mood changes
Definition
The time that marks the
end of the menstrual cycle