12654237
Description
Mind Map by Hattie Warr, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Hattie Warr
about 7 years ago
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Viral immune response
- Viral infection targets epithelial cells
- Epithelial cells release cytokines
- Interferon alpha
- Signals to other
cells that there is a
viral infection
- Prevents the virus
from replicating
in cells
- Signals to other
cells that there is a
viral infection
- If the virus resists the
cytokines, it enters
the tissue
- Virus
recognised by
phagocytes
- Macrophage binds
to surface of
infected cell and
engulfs it
- Macrophage releases cytokines
- Activates mast cells
- Mast cells
contain granules
- Granules contain enzymes and
active components that have an
effect on endothelial cells lining the
blood vessels
- Blood vessels
become leaky as
gap junctions are
damaged
- Blood and interstitial
fluid enters tissue
- Neutrophils drawn into area
- C Reactive Protein
drawn into area
- Complement drawn into area
- Some resident cells broken
down by virus
- Particulates of virus in
cellular debris and tissue
- Dendritic cells pick up
viral particles
- Taken to local lymph node
- Talks to naive T cells
- Adaptive
immune system
- Uses MHC2 protein
- Naive T cell activated
- Undergoes clonal expansion
- All T cells fight off
specific infection
- Differentiate
- Cytotoxic T cell
- T helper cell
- Cytotoxic T cell
- All T cells fight off
specific infection
- Undergoes clonal expansion
- TH1 mediated response
- Intracellular infection
- Cell mediated
response
- Some B cells activated
- Memory cells
- Plasma cells
- Antibodies
- Antibodies
- Memory cells
- Macrophages
activated
- Release interferon gamma
and interleukin 2
- Activate CD8 T cells
- Activates cytotoxic T cells
- Travel to site of infection
- Recognise MHC1 protein
on virally infected cells
- Kills virally infected cells
- Death signal
- Fas protein on
surface of infected
cell
- Binds to Fas ligand
protein on cytotoxic T
cell
- Signal transduction enters
virally infected cell
- Activates different
proteins and enzymes
- Cell undergoes apoptosis
- Signals on surface cause it
to be engulfed by
phagocytes
- Virus and infection removed
- Normality restored
- Normality restored
- Virus and infection removed
- Signals on surface cause it
to be engulfed by
phagocytes
- Cell undergoes apoptosis
- Activates different
proteins and enzymes
- Signal transduction enters
virally infected cell
- Binds to Fas ligand
protein on cytotoxic T
cell
- Fas protein on
surface of infected
cell
- Release of
enzymes
- Cytotoxic T cells release perforin
- Punches holes in
virally infected cell
- Granzymes enter cell
- Break down DNA and
cellular machinery in
infected cell
- Cell undergoes apoptosis
- Cell undergoes apoptosis
- Break down DNA and
cellular machinery in
infected cell
- Granzymes enter cell
- Punches holes in
virally infected cell
- Cytotoxic T cells release perforin
- Death signal
- Kills virally infected cells
- Recognise MHC1 protein
on virally infected cells
- Travel to site of infection
- Activates cytotoxic T cells
- Activates NK cells
- Recognise cells that are missing MHC1
- Some viruses stop host cells from
using MHC protein flagging system
to alert other cells of infection
- Kills virally infected cells
- Death signal
- Release of enzymes
- Death signal
- Some viruses stop host cells from
using MHC protein flagging system
to alert other cells of infection
- Release interferon
gamma
- Activates
macrophages
- Macrophages
release
interleukin 12
- Macrophages
release
interleukin 12
- Activates
macrophages
- Recognise cells that are missing MHC1
- Activate CD8 T cells
- Intracellular infection
- Adaptive
immune system
- Talks to naive T cells
- Taken to local lymph node
- Dendritic cells pick up
viral particles
- Particulates of virus in
cellular debris and tissue
- Neutrophils drawn into area
- Blood and interstitial
fluid enters tissue
- Blood vessels
become leaky as
gap junctions are
damaged
- Granules contain enzymes and
active components that have an
effect on endothelial cells lining the
blood vessels
- Mast cells degranulate
and release granules into
surrounding tissue
- Mast cells
contain granules
- Activates mast cells
- Macrophage releases cytokines
- Macrophage binds
to surface of
infected cell and
engulfs it
- Virus
recognised by
phagocytes
- Interferon alpha
- Infected cell presents
small viral particle on
MHC1 molecule
- Epithelial cells release cytokines
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