Rather than sexuality, Personality
development is about relationships
with others.
Focused on neuroticism and the 10
neurotic needs; can be classed into three broad categories (to be wanted,
helped, accepted) - moving 1)
towards 2) against and 3) away from
Social and cultural factors affect
personality
Alfred Adler
Disagreed with Freud
Personality DOESN'T consist of competing and conflicting sources.
Stressed the importance of INDIVIDUAL psychology (individual differences)
Importance of SOCIAL CONTEXT
Interested in birth-order
JUNG
Disagreed with Freud about role of sexuality
As well as a personal conscious EGO, we have a
COLLECTIVE UNCONSCIOUS -> ARCHETYPES
First introduced the concept of INTROVERT and
EXTROVERT
All of the 'Yin-Yang' concepts (Sensing-Intuition,
Extro-Intro)
Myers-Briggs
Strongly influenced by Jung's ARCHETYPES
Developed these ideas further
Erik Erikson
Personality develops throughout life
Shifted emphasis from ID to EGO (i.e: from Biological & Instincts to Conscious & Rational)
8 stages of development - people navigate through life resolving a variety of conflicts (specific to
each stage, due to societal expectations)
Stage 1; Trust vs Mistrust - 0 to 1 year olds
Stage 2; Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt - Early Childhood
Stage 3; Initiative vs Guilt - Preschool years
Stage 4; Industry vs Inferiority - 5 to 11 years old