Traumatic Brain Injury

Description

Mind Map on Traumatic Brain Injury, created by eslam ebrahim on 27/09/2018.
eslam ebrahim
Mind Map by eslam ebrahim, updated more than 1 year ago
eslam ebrahim
Created by eslam ebrahim about 6 years ago
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Resource summary

Traumatic Brain Injury
  1. Anatomy of the Brainstem
    1. It causes
      1. Unconsciousness
        1. OTHER CAUSES
          1. Drug overdose
            1. blood loss
              1. alcohol consumption
                1. Syncope
                  1. low blood pressure
                    1. Car accidents
                2. Types of injure
                    1. Aquired
                      1. Traumatic
                        1. open brain injury
                          1. closed brain injury
                          2. non-traumatic
                        2. it causes
                          1. concussion
                            1. results in an altered mental state
                              1. signs & symptoms
                                1. memory problems
                                  1. confusion
                                    1. double vision
                                      1. headache
                                        1. slowed reaction to stimuli & sensitivity to light or noise
                                        2. Post-concussion syndrome
                                          1. Caused by structural damage to the brain or disruption of the messaging system within the nerves
                                            1. Risk Factors
                                              1. old age
                                                1. female gender
                                          2. Pathophysiology
                                            1. Types
                                              1. Traumatic Parenchymal Injuries
                                                1. Direct parenchymal injury
                                                  1. Contusion
                                                    1. Laceration
                                                    2. Diffuse axonal injury
                                                      1. Concussion
                                                      2. Traumatic Vascular Injuries
                                                      3. events
                                                        1. Primary injury (impact)
                                                          1. Secondary injury
                                                            1. Cerebral edema, ischemia, hypoxia
                                                              1. Brain herniation
                                                                1. Neurologic deficit
                                                                  1. Infection
                                                                    1. Increased ICP
                                                                2. Types of hematoma
                                                                  1. Management
                                                                    1. GCS
                                                                      1. Mild : 13-15
                                                                        1. moderate: 8-13
                                                                          1. severe: less than 8
                                                                          2. History
                                                                            1. vital signs
                                                                              1. Neurological Examination
                                                                              2. investigations
                                                                                1. Skull X-Ray
                                                                                  1. CT Brain
                                                                                    1. MRI
                                                                                    2. Anti-epileptic agents
                                                                                      1. phenytoin
                                                                                        1. levetiracetam
                                                                                          1. carbamazepine
                                                                                          2. sleep cycle
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