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15973612
Aldehydes and Keytones
Description
Mind Map on Aldehydes and Keytones, created by marcus connolly on 12/11/2018.
No tags specified
carbonyl compounds
oxidation
reduction
a level
Mind Map by
marcus connolly
, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by
marcus connolly
almost 6 years ago
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Resource summary
Aldehydes and Keytones
ALDEHYDES
R-CHO
CnH2nO
Suffix: -al
Functional group is on carbon 1, so don't need to number it
'Proponal'
Reodx Reactions
Oxidiation
Form carboxylic acids
R-CHO + [O] = R-COOH
Primary alcohols are oxidised into aldehydes
R-CH2Oh + [O] = R-CHO + H20
Conditions: Reflux and acidified potassium dichromate
Reduction
Primary alcohols are reduced to aldehydes
R-CHO + 2[H] = R-CH2OH
TESTS
Tollens Reagent
Diamminesilver [Ag(NH3)2]+
Colourless
Produces a grey precipitate or 'silver mirror' if boiled with AG(NH3)2
R-CHO + 2[Ag(NH3)2] + H2O = RCOOH + 2Ag + 4NH3
KEYTONES
R-CO-R'
Suffix: -one
Have to specify where the functional group is
Redox Reactions
Oxidation
Can't be oxidised
Secondary alcohols are oxidised into keytones
R-CH(OH)-R' + [O] = R-CO-R'
Reduction
Reduced into secondary alcohols
R-CO-R' + 2[H] = R-=CH(OH)-R'
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