15973612
Description
Mind Map by marcus connolly, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by marcus connolly
almost 6 years ago
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Aldehydes and Keytones
- ALDEHYDES
- R-CHO
- CnH2nO
- CnH2nO
- Suffix: -al
- Functional group
is on carbon 1, so
don't need to
number it
- 'Proponal'
- Functional group
is on carbon 1, so
don't need to
number it
- Reodx Reactions
- Oxidiation
- Form carboxylic acids
- R-CHO + [O] = R-COOH
- R-CHO + [O] = R-COOH
- Primary alcohols are
oxidised into aldehydes
- R-CH2Oh + [O] = R-CHO + H20
- R-CH2Oh + [O] = R-CHO + H20
- Form carboxylic acids
- Conditions: Reflux and
acidified potassium
dichromate
- Reduction
- Primary alcohols are reduced
to aldehydes
- R-CHO + 2[H] = R-CH2OH
- R-CHO + 2[H] = R-CH2OH
- Primary alcohols are reduced
to aldehydes
- Oxidiation
- TESTS
- Tollens Reagent
- Diamminesilver [Ag(NH3)2]+
- Colourless
- Colourless
- Produces a grey
precipitate or 'silver
mirror' if boiled with
AG(NH3)2
- R-CHO + 2[Ag(NH3)2] + H2O =
RCOOH + 2Ag + 4NH3
- Diamminesilver [Ag(NH3)2]+
- Tollens Reagent
- R-CHO
- KEYTONES
- R-CO-R'
- Suffix: -one
- Have to specify where the
functional group is
- Have to specify where the
functional group is
- Suffix: -one
- Redox Reactions
- Oxidation
- Can't be oxidised
- Secondary alcohols are oxidised into
keytones
- R-CH(OH)-R' + [O] = R-CO-R'
- R-CH(OH)-R' + [O] = R-CO-R'
- Can't be oxidised
- Reduction
- Reduced into secondary alcohols
- R-CO-R' + 2[H] = R-=CH(OH)-R'
- R-CO-R' + 2[H] = R-=CH(OH)-R'
- Reduced into secondary alcohols
- Oxidation
- R-CO-R'
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