Bipolar II patients
are symptomatic
most of their lives.
Cyclothymic disorder
MSE
behavior
mood
thought
attentiveness
speech
reaction
attitude
Depression
Suicide
Altruistic suicide
Anomic suicide
Fatalistic suicide
Egoistic suicide
Epidemiology
Affects more than 350 million people of all ages worldwide, and by
2020, it will be the second leading cause of disability throughout
the world after cardiovascular disease
Causes
Abuse
Certain medications.
Conflict
Death or a loss
Genetics
Major events
Serious illnesses
Substance abuse
Biological Aspects
Neurotransmitter Disturbance:
Second Messengers and Intracellular
Cascades
Alterations of Hormonal Regulation-
Symptoms
Sad mood
worthlessness and guilt
Impaired concentration, indecisiveness
hypersomnia
Markedly diminished interest or pleasure
Restlessness
Recurring thoughts of death
Treatment
Electroconvulsive therapy
small electric currents are
passed through the brain,
intentionally triggering a
brief seizure. → cause
changes in brain chemistry
that can quickly reverse
symptoms of certain mental
health conditions.
Risks: Confusion Memory
loss Physical side effect
Psychological
Treatment
Cognitive
Behavior Therapy
Interpersonal Therapy
Behavior Therapy
Psychodynamic Therapy
Almost twice as many women as men have major or clinical depression
Mania
is a mood state
characterized
by period of at
least one week
where an
elevated,
expansive, or
unusually
irritable mood
exists.