Dream of a Lost Friend - Duffy

Description

A mindmap analysing Carol Ann Duffy's poem 'Dream of a Lost Friend'. Part of the WJEC syllabus.
Heloise Tudor
Mind Map by Heloise Tudor, updated more than 1 year ago
Heloise Tudor
Created by Heloise Tudor about 10 years ago
173
1

Resource summary

Dream of a Lost Friend - Duffy
  1. 1st Stanza
    1. "must this be?". Tech: Rhetorical question.

      Annotations:

      • The speaker is reluctant to accept their friend's fate.
      1. "help". Tech: Verb.

        Annotations:

        • Conveys their desperation. They're in need of assistance.
        1. "your white lips". Tech: adjective.

          Annotations:

          • The colour white connotes purity, hope, brightness and innocence. But in this sense it's in relation to illness, they're like a ghost. It tells us the person is dying.
          1. "my dear". Tech: Repetition.

            Annotations:

            • Suggests the urgency of the person. They aren't ready and dont' want to die.
          2. 2nd Stanza
            1. "harboured a fierce pain". Tech: Metaphor and adjective.

              Annotations:

              • A corridor can't harbour pain, so it's a metaphor. It's probably a hospital corridor. The quote conveys how much suffering has occured there.
              • "harboured" usuallt means keeping something safe and protecting it. This contrasts with "fierce pain".
              1. "frenzied prayers". Tech: Religious language and metaphor.

                Annotations:

                • "frenzied" portrays the desperation and fear. They're praying to Chemistry - they're hoping for a cure or treatment that works.
                1. "hysterical, out of your skull". Tech: adjective.

                  Annotations:

                  • "hysterical" suggests them being either very upset or being deranged. Alternatively they might laugh over-enthusiastically.
                  • "out of your skull" is ambiguous. It bears similarity to the phrase 'out of your mind'. So, it's possible the patient was going mad. Subsurdising 'mind' with "skull' implies a loss of self/lack of personality and it symbolises/foreshadows the loss of life.
                  • "skull" obviously connotes skeletons and therefore dead bodies/death in general.
                  1. "laughed, a child-man's laugh, innocent, hysterical, out of your skull". Tech: Listing.

                    Annotations:

                    • The description of his laugh descends, becoming more negative with each description.
                    • This could symbolise decay and the change from health to illness, and then to death.
                    1. "only a dream". Tech: Repetition.

                      Annotations:

                      • The speaker can't separate reality from fiction.
                      1. "I heard myself". Tech: Reflexive verb.

                        Annotations:

                        • Like an outer-body experience.
                        1. "nuture a virus". Tech: Metaphor.

                          Annotations:

                          • Look after and care for the virus. He fed it by having unsafe sex. His body's looking after the virus until it kills him.
                        2. 3rd Stanza
                          1. "dream". Tech: Repetition.

                            Annotations:

                            • Their friend can onlt be met in thought not in reality as they have passed away.
                            1. Line breaks.

                              Annotations:

                              • These show that conjuring up their memories is difficult and painful.
                              1. "you look well". Tech: Direct speech and adjective.

                                Annotations:

                                • The speaker might be trying to encourage their friend here.
                              2. 4th Stanza
                                1. "where there's life..." Tech: Punctuation and incomplete cliché.

                                  Annotations:

                                  • This is an incomplete cliché because there is no hope. The ellipsis replaces hope. The friend will certainly die.
                                  1. "you were long dead". Tech: Adverb and circular structure.

                                    Annotations:

                                    • This reinforces that the friend is deceased. "long" implies they've been dead for some time.
                                    1. "acting" and "thumbs up". Tech: Metaphor and verb.

                                      Annotations:

                                      • The friend is behaving as if they are well and happy. But this is a lie, they're putting on a brave face.
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