Rates of Reaction - C2

Annotations:

• Atoms must collide in order to react, but they need energy for the collision to be successful (particles in solids don't have enough energy to collide)

1. Ways to change Rate of Reaction

   Annotations:

   • speed of a reaction= 1/time
   1. temperature

      Annotations:

      • As you increase the temperature, you increase the amount of kinetic energy in the particle more energy means more movement, increasing the chance of a collision, increasing the rate of reaction.
   2. concentration

      Annotations:

      • with a higher concentration, there are more particles in a set amount of space. more particles mean more collisions in a set time, which leads to a faster rate
   3. surface area

      Annotations:

      • as you decrease particle size, you increase surface area more surface area means more chance of a sucessful collision which leads to a faster rate of reaction
   4. catalyst

      Annotations:

      • A catalyst will speed up a reaction without being used up

      1. Annotations:

         • it provides a surface for the reaction This also lowers the activation energy (energy required to start a reaction)  more likely that the collision is sucessful
3. Molar Quantity

   Annotations:

   • The calculation to see the amount of energy it takes to break the bonds the energy is measured in KiloJoules (kJ)
4. Endothermic and exothermic reactions

   Annotations:

   • every reaction has 2 parts to it breaking bonds=endothermic making bonds=exothermic
   1. Endothermic Reaction

      Annotations:

      • Takes in energy from the surroundings Overall an endothermic reaction gives out less energy making bonds than is taken in breaking bonds
   2. Exothermic Reaction

      Annotations:

      • Gives out energy to the surroundings Overall an exothermic reaction gives out more energy making bonds than is by breaking bonds
   3. Reversible reactions

      Annotations:

      • In a reversible reaction the exothermic and endothermic reactions go in opposite directions