Behaviour Therapy

1. proper alternative to psychoanalytic therapy
2. cognition = primary focus of behaviour therapy
3. using behavioral techniques to prevent + treat disorder
4. THIRD WAVE REVOLUTION
   1. DBT
   2. MBSR
   3. MBCT
   4. ACT

1. IVAN PAVLOV
   1. Association of neutral stimulus paired w/ stimulus eliciting reaction (e.g. fear, hunger)
2. WOLPE
   1. Systematic desensitization
      1. basically expose them to feared stimulus again and again until they stop being scared of it

Annotations:

• POSITIVE REINFORCEMENT: giving you a candy for doing your hw well NEGATIVE REINFORCEMENT: putting on sunblock before going to the beach POSITIVE PUNISHMENT: slapping child's hand for stealing candy NEGATIVE PUNISHMENT: grounding

1. behaviors influenced by consequences after them
2. used by weight mgmt program,s parent education programs
3. EXTINCTION: withholding reinforcement from previously reinforced response

1. environment
2. personal factors
3. individual behavior
4. example: learn effective social skills after being in contact w/ ppl who effectively model interpersonal skills! :)

1. 1) based on scientific method/principles
   1. allow replication to be easy
   2. adhere to precision, empirical evaluation
   3. Undergo constant revision, empirical testing
2. 2) Behavior can be operationally defined
3. 3) Deal w/ client's current pbs (rather than past)
   1. environmental events
   2. change thru FUNCTIONAL ANALYSIS
4. 4) Clients assume ACTIVE ROLE
   1. clients must do smth to bring about change rather than just talking about it
   2. self-monitor own behavioral change
5. 5) Assume change can occur w/out understanding completely underlying origins of pbs
   1. changes occur at same time/before understanding of the self
6. 6) Assessment of progress
   1. asses client's culture
   2. evaluate interventions to see if change occurred becuz of procedure

1. GOALS
   1. clear, understood by client+counselor
   2. circumstances required for change
   3. nature of subgoals
   4. plan of action
   5. helps create CONTRACT between counselor+client
2. THERAPIST'S FUNCTION & ROLE
   1. ABC model
      1. A = antecedents
      2. B = dimensions of pb behavior
      3. C = consequences
   2. therapist be active, directive
3. CLIENT EXP IN THERAPY
   1. encouraged to experiment
   2. motivate them (use motivational interviewing if not)
   3. client must be AWARE, PARTICIPATE in process
4. THERAPIST-CLIENT RELATIONSHIP
   1. therapist know their behavior as critical to outcome of treatment
   2. warmth, empathy, authenticity needed but not sufficient for CHANGE

1. how to cope w/ stress
2. muscle, mental relaxation
3. passive, relaxed position in quiet environment
4. deep, regular breathing
5. learn to mentally let it go :)
6. fully exp TENSION then relax entirely -> notice the difference between tense and relaxed states
7. relax arm muscles -> head -> neck, shoulders -> back -> abdomen -> thorax -> lower limbs
8. WHAT CAN IT BE APPLIED TO?
   1. prepare patients for surgery
   2. help clients cope w/ chronic pain
   3. panic disorder, asthma, insomnia, irritable bowel syndrome

1. imagine anxiety-arousing situations
2. at same time: use anti-anxiety techniques eg relaxation
3. client: self-monitoring
4. 3-step process: (1) relaxation training, (2) dev graduated anxiety hierarchy, (3) systematic des
   1. move progressively up hierarchy until feel anxiety, then do realaxation to counteract anxiety until no/little anxiety experienced! :)
   2. practice everyday, follow-up v important!

1. Systematic confrontation of feared stimulus (either imagined or in vivo/live)
2. eventually exp full fear response w/out engaging in avoidance
3. therapist may accompany them if practically possible

1. Intense, prolonged exposure to actual anxiety-producing stimuli
2. don't use any anti-anxiety measures, just wait for anxiety to subside on its own
3. reduce anxiety rapidly
4. therapists shud be skilled in dealing w/ possible reactions of clients when doing procedure!!

1. rapid rhythmic eye movements to treat clients w/ traumatic stress
2. (1) assessment, prep (2) imaginal flooding (3) cog restructuring
3. safety/welfare of client important
4. may elicit powerful reactions from clients

1. classical cond + operant cond
2. (1) classical cond creating phobia
3. (2) avoidance behavior creates quick reduction of anxiety/negative bodily reactions
4. (3) reduction of unpleasantness becomes REINFORCEMENT to continue doing avoidance (operant cond)
5. SARS -> anxiety, SARs -> dirty, dirty -> anxiety