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17410
Classification of Substances / Atomic Structure
Description
Junior Certificate Chemistry Mind Map on Classification of Substances / Atomic Structure, created by Shane Buckley on 18/02/2013.
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chemistry
science
junior certificate
atomic structure
matter
chemistry
junior certificate
Mind Map by
Shane Buckley
, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by
Shane Buckley
almost 12 years ago
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Resource summary
Classification of Substances / Atomic Structure
All substances are made up of atoms
Elements are substances made up of only one type of atom
Molecules are made up of two atoms chemically combined
Hydrogen gas has chemical formula H2
hydrogen atoms not stable on their own
pair up into molecules
Oxygen
O2
Nitrogen
N2
Chlorine
Cl2
Compounds are made of two or more elements chemically combined
formed when atoms/molecules react with each other in order to become more stable
Mixtures contain two or more different substances mingled together but not chemically combined
easily separated
air
mixture if gasses
sea water
water and salts
alloys
mixture of metals
The properties of a compound differ from those of the elements from which it is made
Atomic Structure
The Atom
The atom is the smallest part of an element ehich can take part in a chemical reaction
sub-atomic particles
protons
+1 charge
in the nucleus
1 AMU
neutrons
0 charge
in the nucleus
1 AMU
electrons
-1 charge
orbiting the nucleus
0 AMU
Atomic Numbers and Mass Number
Atomic number is the number of protons (or electrons) in an atom of an electron
Number of protons = Number of electrons
Mass number is the number of protons and neutrons in an atom of an element
arrangement of electrons is called electronic configuration
The Bohr Structure
Electrons represented in dots
The first shell holds two electrons and the rest hold up to eight
Isotopes
Isotopes are atoms of the same element which have the same atomic number but different mass numbers
same number of protons, different number of neutrons
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