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1983214
3. Describe the state of nature for Hobbes, Locke, and Rousseau.
Description
Hobbes, Locke and Rousseau on the Natural state and how that affected the terms of social contract theories.
No tags specified
philosophy
ib
hl
social
contract
theory
natural
state
hobbes
locke
rousseau
general will
social contract theory
natural laws
Mind Map by
Elisabeth Morell
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Elisabeth Morell
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Resource summary
3. Describe the state of nature for Hobbes, Locke, and Rousseau.
Hobbes
We are in constant warfare with one another. Every man against every man.
Authority will protect and preserve mens lives and properties
There can be no economy because men pursue their own self interest
Sovereign law limits humans to join together as a common enemy
Humans are rational and pursue own desires efficiently
willing to submit to authority to preserve their lives
Locke
State of "peace, goodwill, mutual assistance, and preservation." All men have equal rights and are free by nature
Property is not secure
Private property is created by mixing personal labour with raw materials of nature
You cannot take more property than your own fair share
Nature belongs to all mankind
This creates a need for government. Protection of property and bodies
governed by natural laws
In the state of nature there is absence of power to maintain natural laws
Unlimited sovereignty is contrary to natural law
Government is only sovereign when fulfilling its purpose to protect and uphold the natural laws
State of nature=state of liberty
To maintain liberty with a government, man does not surrender all rights to a single power, but gives over the power of justice to a government
Government is formed through consent
Rousseau
Happy and equal
Lost in modern civilization
The General Will upholds happiness and equality
The state and Law are a byproduct of the General Will
Freedom is obeying yourself
The General Will
Will of the majority of citizens.
Obeying the general will implies that you are obeying yourself
If you obey yourself, you are free
Private property=greed and competition
Represents "Fall from Grace" out of the state of nature. Happiness and equality were lost
Surrender rights and consent to the "General Will"
Part with natural rights to gain civil liberites
"Man is born free, but everywhere he is in chains."
State of Nature = no government and no law
Evaluate how their ideas affect the terms of the social contract theory that emerge from it.
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