Sociology: Education

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Mind Map on Sociology: Education, created by a.ehanah on 19/02/2015.
a.ehanah
Mind Map by a.ehanah, updated more than 1 year ago
a.ehanah
Created by a.ehanah over 9 years ago
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Resource summary

Sociology: Education
  1. Class differences in achievement
    1. Cultural Factors - norms, values, beliefs, skills and knowledge that a group regards as important
      1. Cultural deprivation: some working class families fail to transmit the appropriate norms, values, attitudes and skills needed for educational success
        1. 3 main aspects
          1. Intellectual Development: working class children are less likely to have educational toys and books that will stimulate their thinking and reasoning skills, causing them to be behind when they start school
            1. Speech codes:
              1. Working class - Restricted code: less analytic, more descriptive, limited vocabulary and assumes the speaker understands
                1. Middle class - Elaborated code: more analytic, wide vocabulary, complex sentences
                2. Attitudes & Values
                  1. Working class parents place less value on their childrens education and are less ambitious for them, resulting in their children underachieving (Leo Feinstein)
                    1. Feinstein argues middle class children are more successful because their parents provide them with motivation discipline and support
                    2. 4 working class subcultures acting as a barrier to educational achievement
                      1. Fatalism - A belief in fate and there is nothing you can do to change your status, contrasting with middle class values where it is believed you can change your position through your own effort
                        1. Collectivism - Valuing being part of a group more than succeeding individually, contrasting with middle class views that an individual should not be held back by a group
                          1. Immediate Gratification - Seeking pleasure now rather than making sacrifices in order to be rewarded later on in the future, in contrast middle class prefer deferred gratification, making sacrifices now for greater reward later
                            1. Present-time Orientation - seeing the present as more important than the future so not having long term goals whereas middle class culture sees planning for the future as important
                    3. External factors (outside the education)
                      1. MATERIAL DEPRIVATION
                        1. Poor Housing - overcrowded, cold damp rooms means pupils have nowhere to study, and can also cause illnesses. Temporary accommodation means frequent changing of schools
                          1. Poor Diet - poorer families have lower intake of energy, vitamins and minerals leading to poor health and resulting in more absences from school. Also the lower the social class,the higher the rate of anxiety and behavioural problems
                            1. Low Income - lack of educational materials, correct uniform and latest fashion items which could lead to bullying. Lack of funds also means children having to drop out of school to go and work
                            2. CULTURAL CAPITAL
                            3. CULTURAL DEPRIVATION
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