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20735981
Neoplasia-II
Description
Mind Map on Neoplasia-II, created by Pooja Acharya on 05/02/2020.
Mind Map by
Pooja Acharya
, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by
Pooja Acharya
almost 5 years ago
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Resource summary
Neoplasia-II
8 Hallmarks of cancer
Insensitivity to anti-growth signals
Tumor suppressor genes
Loss of function mutations
APC(Ch.5)
Familial adenomatous polyposis
Normal function: Binds to beta-catenin and degrades
NF-1
Neurofibromatosis
Multiple cutaneous tumors
Normal: Neurofibromin GTPase activity
NF-2
b/L Acoustic neuroma+schwannoma
Normal: cytoskeletal protein merlin
BRCA-1&2
Familial breast cancer
Normal: DNA Repair
Rb
Knudson 2 hit
Retinoblastoma
Familail
Bilateral
Osteosarcoma
Sporadic
Unilateral
No osteosarcoma
DCC
Colon cancer
p53
Lifraumeni syndrome
VHL(CH3)
RCC+ Cerebellar hemagiblastoma
WT-1
Nephroblastoma
Normal : Helps in differentiation of fetal kidney
Limitless replicative potential
Altered metabolism
Aerobic glycolysis
Principle of PET scan
Evasion of apoptosis
bcl-2
Follicular lymphoma
Sustained angiogenesis
Notch pathway
Angiostatin inhibits
FGF PDGF Promotes
Ability to invade and metastasis
steps
1. Loosening by loss of E-cadherin
2. Degradation of BM by MMPs
3. Integrin binding
4. Locomotion of tumor cells form emboli
Self sufficient growth signals
Oncogenes
Growth factors
PDGF
Astrocytoma
Growth factor receptor
Her-2-neu
Breast ca
ret
MEN medullary carcinoma thyroid
kit
GIST
Signal transduction pathway
abl
CML
braf
Melanoma
Hairy cell leukemia
K-RAS
Colon carcinoma
H-RAS
Kidney cancer
Bladder cancer
Nuclear regulators
N-myc
Neuroblastoma
c-myc
Burkitt lymphoma
Cyclin D
Mantle cell lymphoma
Oncogene addiction
E.g. CML, Breast cancer, Burkitt lymphoma
Gain of function mutation
Ability to invade host immunity
1. Reduced HLA-1
Increased TREGs
Nonlethal genetic damage
Oncogeneic viruses
HBV/HCV
HBx gene
EBV
Burkitt lymphoma
LMP gene
HHV-8
Kaposi sarcoma
HPV
E7, E6
Cervical cancer
HTLV
Adult Tcell leukemia
Tax gene
Clinical aspects of neoplasia
Cancer cachexia
TNF-A
Grading and staging
Grading by Pathologists
TNM Staging by oncologists
Metastasis(M) CARRIES A BAD
Paraneoplastic syndromsa
Cushings syndrome
Small cell carcinoma
ACTH
SIADH
Small cell carcinoma
ADH
Hypercalcemia
SCC lung
PTH
Myasthenia
Thymoma
Ab to postsynaptic ACH receptors
Lambert-Eaton
small cell lung cancer
Ab to presynaptic Ca channels
Dancing eye
Neuroblastoma
Migratory thrombophlebitis
Pancreatic cancer
Tumor markers
CEA
Colon cancer
HCG
Choriocarcinoma
PSA
Prostate cancer
AFP
HCC , non seminomas
CA-125
Ovarian ca
Lab diagnosis of cancer
H&E
FNAC
IHC
Role of intermediate filaments
Cytokeratin
Carcinoma
Vimentin
Sarcoma
Desmin
Rhabdomyosarcoma
S-100
Melanoma
GFAP
Astrocytoma
FISH
Flowcytometry
Frozen section
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