2103540
Description
Mind Map by bubblesthelabrad, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by bubblesthelabrad
almost 10 years ago
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Data representation,
types and structures
- Logical Operators
- Truth Tables
- AND
- Either they are
both are on,
otherwise it is off
- Either they are
both are on,
otherwise it is off
- NOT
- It will be the
inverse to itself
if it isn't
- It will be the
inverse to itself
if it isn't
- OR
- One or the
other is on, not
mattering if it is
both on
- One or the
other is on, not
mattering if it is
both on
- XOR
- One or the other
is on, however if
both are one
then it equals off
- One or the other
is on, however if
both are one
then it equals off
- AND
- Shifts
- Logical
- One bit 'falls off'
(possibly into the
Carry flag), and a 0 is
shifted in.
- One bit 'falls off'
(possibly into the
Carry flag), and a 0 is
shifted in.
- Arithmetic
- Similar to a Logical
shift, but the sign bit
remains unchanged.
- To the left is
multiplying by 2
- To the right is
dividing by 2
- Similar to a Logical
shift, but the sign bit
remains unchanged.
- Logical
- Encryption
- Uses the
XOR
commamd
- X + Key = Encryption
- Encryption + Key = X
- Encryption + Key = X
- Uses the
XOR
commamd
- Truth Tables
- Hexadecimal
- A shorthand
method for
representing
binary numbers.
- More
convenient
alternative
coding method.
- Used because they
are more readily
converted to or
from binary.
- Used because they
are more readily
converted to or
from binary.
- More
convenient
alternative
coding method.
- The hexadecimal
number system has
a base of 16, and
uses the following
symbols:
- Converting
- To Decimal
- Give place values of 16 to
the power of the place of
the hexadecimal from left
to right starting from 0
- Multiply the 16 value
with the number
place in the
hexadecimal table
- Adding them
together will
give you the
decimal value
- Adding them
together will
give you the
decimal value
- Multiply the 16 value
with the number
place in the
hexadecimal table
- Give place values of 16 to
the power of the place of
the hexadecimal from left
to right starting from 0
- From Decimal
- Divide the
decimal by 16
- Get the answer in whole
number/remainder form
- Convert the first
number into
hexadecimal via its
place on the table then
the remainder
- Convert the first
number into
hexadecimal via its
place on the table then
the remainder
- Get the answer in whole
number/remainder form
- Divide the
decimal by 16
- To Binary
- Find each character
from the
hexadecimal, convert
it to its number place
- Convert the number
place into binary and
put back together
- Convert the number
place into binary and
put back together
- Find each character
from the
hexadecimal, convert
it to its number place
- From Binary
- Convert the
binary into a
decimal
- Change the
decimal into
hex, dependant
on its place in
the table
- Change the
decimal into
hex, dependant
on its place in
the table
- Convert the
binary into a
decimal
- To Decimal
- A shorthand
method for
representing
binary numbers.
- Two's
Compliment
and S&M
- Sign And
Magnitude
- The binary is
split into 2
pieces, the sign
and the
magnitude
- The first digit (Normally
128) is the sign, and if it
is 0 then it is positive
and if it is 1 then it is
negative
- +95 = 01011111
- -95 = 11011111
- +95 = 01011111
- The first digit (Normally
128) is the sign, and if it
is 0 then it is positive
and if it is 1 then it is
negative
- Restricted to 8
bit words and
only between
-127 and 127
- The binary is
split into 2
pieces, the sign
and the
magnitude
- Two's Compliment
- The amount of
bits that can be
stored depends
on the word
size
- Characteristics
- Allows a
number to
be shown as
a negative
- Makes
subtraction easy
by replacing
addition
- Efficient in
the process
of adding
- Requires no
separate provision
for inclusion of the
sign
- The values
are stored
precisley
- Allows a
number to
be shown as
a negative
- Subtraction
- Subtraction in two’s
complement is
performed by
negating the 2nd
number and adding it
to the 1st
- To negate a
number change
all 0s to 1s and all
1s to 0s, then add
1. This is
complementation
- To negate a
number change
all 0s to 1s and all
1s to 0s, then add
1. This is
complementation
- Subtraction in two’s
complement is
performed by
negating the 2nd
number and adding it
to the 1st
- Integer Addition
- 0 + 0 (no carry) = 0
- 0 + 0 (carry) = 1
- 0 + 1 (no carry) = 1
- 0 + 1 (carry) = 0
- 1 + 1 (no carry) = 0
- 1 + 1 (carry) = 1 (carry)
- 0 + 0 (no carry) = 0
- The amount of
bits that can be
stored depends
on the word
size
- Sign And
Magnitude
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