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22837173
Acquired Heart Disease
Description
Biology Mind Map on Acquired Heart Disease, created by Yb Gf on 14/05/2020.
No tags specified
cardic disease
biology
Mind Map by
Yb Gf
, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by
hanners
over 10 years ago
Copied by
Yb Gf
over 4 years ago
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Resource summary
Acquired Heart Disease
Pericarditis
inflammation of pericardium
infection, cardiac injury, autoimmune response
pericardial infusion preventing heart from expanding sufficiently
or scarring of pericardium preventing strech
difficulty breathing and chest pain
Myocardial Infartion
Ischaemic Heart Disease
uncommon but increasing cause of maternal death
risk factors include increasing maternal age, obesity, hypertension, smoking, family history and inequalities in health
MI 3rd trimester and peripartum
Heamodynamic changes in full effect
higher risk of thrombotic events
hypercoagulability due to hormonal changes
present with ischeamic chest pain, abnormal ECG and elevated caridac enzymes
atypical features include abdominal or epigastric pain and vomiting
primary percutaneous transluminal coronary angiosplasty (PTCA) is first line treatment
Aortic Dissection
inked to severe hypertension
pre eclampsia, coarctation of aorta or connective tissue disease
presents as severe chest or intrascapular paind
early diagnosis required as mortality is high
Endocarditis
inflammation of endocardium
mainly valves. damaged
streptococcal infections main cause
valvular heart disease
previous history, periodontal disease, IV drug abuse
good infection control/ hygiene, avoid dental work.
antibiotic prophylaxis for high risk women
Peripartum Cardiomyopathy
rare. high mortality 25-50%
occurs in last month of pregnancy up to 5 months postpartum
sudden onset. no previous symptoms
enlargement and inflammation of myocardium
linked to myocarditis, viral infection, long term oral tocolytic therapy, cocaine abuse
treatment involves medication to decrease pulmonary congestion and fluid overload
oxygen, diuretics, vasodilators
inotrophic agents to improve myometrial contractability
left ventricular heart failure
Rheumatic Heart Disease
result of acute inflammatory complication
group A streptococcus
endocardium inflamed and scarred
mitral valve scarred. becomes distorted and dysfunctional
cusps of valves roughened
fuse together and narrow
mitral or atrial stenosis
heart works harder to pump blood leading to hypertrophy
heart increases in size
weakens heart. pregnancy can cause failure
rare in UK. 25% of women not born in UK
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