Efficient division of
labor - specialized jobs
for each worker
matched with the
capacity of each worker
Administrative Theory
If managers designed
the organization correctly
and followed principles of
management (limited no
of people report to each
boss, merit -based
selection for employees
Human Relations School
Hawthorne Effect: worker output is
determined by many outside factors
therefore increasing or decreasing work
efficiency
Theory X and Theory Y
Human nature being
untrustworthy vs.
trustworthy
Decision Making School
Employees now have the decision
to determine how HARD they will
work; harder to launch new projects
than complete routine tasks
Contingency Approach
Effectiveness varies
according to the
particular situation
Open Systems Theory
Organizations and all
subdivisions can take
in resources and
transform them into a
service or pdouc that
is purchased or
utilized by a larger
system
Competing Values Framework
Rational Goal, Human Relations, Open
Systems, Internal Process