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A Recipe For Dictatorship
- Propaganda
- Ideas or statements that are often
false and exaggerated; that are
spread in order to help a cause, a
political leader, or a government.
- Hitler used propaganda in many ways, he
restricted the books that were available to the
public and what books could be published,
often these books talked about how evil
Jewish people were in order to skew the
thoughts of the German youth.
- Stalin also used propaganda as a technique of
gaining and keeping power. He used many
posters showcasing him with smiling children;
thus giving the illusion that everyone is happy
and equal in the Soviet Union. Posters, with
slogans such as, “Long live Red Army of workers
and peasants – the true guard of the Soviet
borders!” Many of the posters also encouraged
the young men to join the army and the air force.
- Both of these leaders also used
propaganda speeches to further their
false ideas and statements to the
citizens of their countries.
Propaganda was used in various ways
during World War II by both Hitler
and Stalin; they used it to perpetuate
the ideas that citizens under their
ruling were living happy and
peaceful lives and that their way of
lives were superior to those that lived
in other ways.
- The technique of propaganda rejected
the values of liberalism because it
controlled the views and opinions of
the citizens and also took away their
rights and freedoms to express their
beliefs
- Ideas or statements that are often
false and exaggerated; that are
spread in order to help a cause, a
political leader, or a government.
- Terror & Force
- Terror and Force was used mainly by Hitler
when he was eliminating the opposing
parties that had the power to overthrow him
and challenge his ideas. Later on during his
ruling, he used this technique to scare the
citizens into believing that his ideas alone
were the right ones; with his “army” being
larger than the German army the citizens of
Germany were scared of what could happen
but they were also grateful for the new
standard of living they had. Although many
Germans did not agree with minority groups,
opposing parties, the mentally ill, and the
Jewish being sent to concentration camps
they were too scared to speak up due to the
fear that the Gestapo would show up at their
houses and have them sent to these places
too.
- Joseph Stalin also used the technique of Terror
and force; this was very prominent during what is
known as the, “The Great Purge” and the “Great
Terror”. Some of his goals during this time was to
rid The Soviet Union of all of Stalin’s real and also
imaginary enemies, and to also scare all levels of
the Soviet society into being obedient to him, “The
Great Leader.” The leaders of Stalin’s rivals were
discredited and later executed. Between the years
of 1937 and 1939, under Stalin’s command 500,000
people were executed and between 3 and 12
million people were sent to labour camps.
- The technique of terror & force rejected the values of
liberalism due to the fact that it took away individuals
values and beliefs. They were forced to follow one way
and one way only.
- Terror and Force was used mainly by Hitler
when he was eliminating the opposing
parties that had the power to overthrow him
and challenge his ideas. Later on during his
ruling, he used this technique to scare the
citizens into believing that his ideas alone
were the right ones; with his “army” being
larger than the German army the citizens of
Germany were scared of what could happen
but they were also grateful for the new
standard of living they had. Although many
Germans did not agree with minority groups,
opposing parties, the mentally ill, and the
Jewish being sent to concentration camps
they were too scared to speak up due to the
fear that the Gestapo would show up at their
houses and have them sent to these places
too.
- Youth Movements
- Hitler used many youth movements and
organizations in order to influence the
young population of the Germany. The
young men of Germany were taught
obedience, discipline, and why the Nazi way
was the right way. The young women of
Germany were taught about home
economics, motherhood, and the
importance of creating a pure Aryan
family; the Nazi rule encouraged women to
become the ‘perfect’ housewife. Due to the
non-homework filled days, many young
people preferred these movements and
organizations to school.
- The children of the Soviet Union were expected to go to
school, however outside of school they were expected to join
organizations. These organizations were categorized by age
groups; Octobrists for 8 to 10 year olds, Pioneers for 10-16
year olds, and 19-23 were expected to join the Komsomol. The
children were taught how to be a good socialist/communist
and it placed a large emphasis on outdoor activities and clean
living. Though propaganda children were seen as the loyal
socialists of the future and Stalin was seen as the father that
was raising the future of the Soviet Union.
- The technique of Youth Movements rejected
the values of liberalism due to fact that it
didn’t allow the children to think for
themselves and to learn what they value and
believe through life lessons, instead they
were taught and shown only specific things
so that the future of the country could be
ensured even when the leaders had passed
away
- Hitler used many youth movements and
organizations in order to influence the
young population of the Germany. The
young men of Germany were taught
obedience, discipline, and why the Nazi way
was the right way. The young women of
Germany were taught about home
economics, motherhood, and the
importance of creating a pure Aryan
family; the Nazi rule encouraged women to
become the ‘perfect’ housewife. Due to the
non-homework filled days, many young
people preferred these movements and
organizations to school.
- Scapegoat
- Stalin looked for scapegoats,
ordering the arrest and execution of
commanders such as General Pavlov
and his Chief of Staff on charges of
deliberate sabotage of the war effort.
Stalin also refused requests for
permission to retreat by his field
commanders, contributing directly
to a series of disastrous Red Army
encirclements including at Kiev in
September 1941.
- In 1920, Hitler joined and soon became
leader of the group called the “National
Socialist German Workers’ Party,” later to
be known as the Nazi Party. Hitler knew how
to arouse people and understood how a
“scapegoat” could unite Germany. He kept
on repeating that Germany lost the war
because of the
“Marxian-democratic-liberal-capitalistic
Jews” who stabbed it in the back to aid the
country's enemies. In fact, in an April 1923
speech, he even charged the Jews with
having caused the world war in the first
place. They brought it on, he said, to destroy
the Aryan (a Caucasian of non-Jewish
descent, like a Nordic, who were tall, blond,
blue-eyed people) civilization. Hitler
believed he could win back Germany’s past
glory and promised to rebuild Germany into
a mighty empire that would last a thousand
years and that only the Nazi party could do
this. Many Germans believed he was their
friend and protector, their Savior and went
along using Jews as their scapegoat.
- The technique of scapegoat rejected liberalism by
taking away the fundamental rights of equality each
individual should be given. Innocent civilians were
blamed for things they were not responsible for and
were forced to suffer in their place.
- Stalin looked for scapegoats,
ordering the arrest and execution of
commanders such as General Pavlov
and his Chief of Staff on charges of
deliberate sabotage of the war effort.
Stalin also refused requests for
permission to retreat by his field
commanders, contributing directly
to a series of disastrous Red Army
encirclements including at Kiev in
September 1941.
- Elimination of
Opposition
- The Enabling Act of March 1933 had given
Hitler enormous power over all Germans in
Nazi Germany. Anyone considered to be a
threat to Hitler was arrested and issued with a
‘D notice’. The law was ‘adjusted’ to allow the
Nazis to effectively determine who was an
opponent. Once labelled as such, arrest was
inevitable. The development and expansion
of various police units – both in uniform and
un-uniformed – gave the internal security
forces a massive level of power.
- Hitler created what was known as the SS
or the dreaded "black shirts" which were
originally created as the Gestapo. The
Gestapo originated as Hitlers secret
service which set out against Goering
political opponents and soon expand to the
SS who were able to seize and arrest
anyone at will without any regard for the
law or court
- Hitler created what was known as the SS
or the dreaded "black shirts" which were
originally created as the Gestapo. The
Gestapo originated as Hitlers secret
service which set out against Goering
political opponents and soon expand to the
SS who were able to seize and arrest
anyone at will without any regard for the
law or court
- The "liquidation of the kulaks as a class" was
announced by Joseph Stalin on 27 December
1929. Stalin had said that "Now we have the
opportunity to carry out a resolute offensive
against the kulaks, break their resistance,
eliminate them as a class and replace their
production with the production of kolkhozes
and sovkhozes.
- By 1939, 99 per cent of
land had been
collectivised 90% of the
peasants lived on one of
the 250,000 kolkhoz.
Farming was run by
government officials. The
government took 90 per
cent of production and
left the rest for the people
to live on.
- By 1939, 99 per cent of
land had been
collectivised 90% of the
peasants lived on one of
the 250,000 kolkhoz.
Farming was run by
government officials. The
government took 90 per
cent of production and
left the rest for the people
to live on.
- The elimination of opposition done by Hitler and
Stalin restricted personal freedom by eliminating
privacy and the need for warrant-pass legislation.
Hitler and Stlain restricted individuals from freedom
by opposing any necessary actions that would aid
them in their plans and allow the to prosper
- The Enabling Act of March 1933 had given
Hitler enormous power over all Germans in
Nazi Germany. Anyone considered to be a
threat to Hitler was arrested and issued with a
‘D notice’. The law was ‘adjusted’ to allow the
Nazis to effectively determine who was an
opponent. Once labelled as such, arrest was
inevitable. The development and expansion
of various police units – both in uniform and
un-uniformed – gave the internal security
forces a massive level of power.
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