Optics

Optics

Light
1. ray
  1. shows direction of travel
2. wavefronts
  1. show wavelength
3. refraction
  1. wave changes
    1. speed
    2. direction
      1. @ boundary
        between mediums
        less dense -> more dense
        wavelength shortens
        bends toward normal
        more dense -> less dense
        wavelength increases
        bends away from normal
    3. wavelength
4. refractive index, n
  1. high
    1. light bent more
      1. @greater angle
  2. speed of light in vacuum, c
    1. ÷ speed of light in medium
    2. 3 x10^8 m/s
Curvature
1. measure of how curvy
  1. Dioptres, D
2. up distance from source
  1. down curvature
3. plane wave
  1. 0 curvature
    1. distant source
4. converging
  1. +ve
    1. becomes more curved
      1. convex lens
        adds curvature
        C added= Power
        thicker
        more power
5. diverging
  1. -ve
    1. becomes less curved
  2. incoming waves
    1. 1/u always -ve
Magnification
1. image size
  1. ÷ object size
2. congruent
  1. triangles
3. no units
4. if M>1
  1. image larger
    1. object smaller
5. if M<1
  1. image smaller
    1. object larger
Pinhole cameras
1. single
  1. small
    1. focused image
      1. dim
    2. inverted
  2. large
    1. blurred image
      1. bright
    2. inverted
2. double
  1. small
    1. 2 inverted images
      1. clear
        not as clear as single
Resolution
1. of an image
  1. size
    1. smallest detaill
2. pixel
  1. smallest detail
    1. digital image
      1. CCD
        charge-coupled device
        array
        tiny light receptors
        represent each pixel
        records
        light intensity
        to build inverted image
        wavelength
3. object size
  1. ÷
    1. no. of pixels
      1. (in 1 dimension)
      2. units (m/pixel)

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	Created by rb.russell1 over 9 years ago