GCSE Statistics

3. Collecting Data
1. Sampling methods
  1. Stratified
  2. Systematic
    1. Random starting place, every nth person where n is pop / sample
  3. Random
    1. Every item has an equal chance
    2. Using random number tables
  4. Quota
  5. Key words: sampling frame, sampling unit, census, population
2. Capture / recapture is just two equiv fractions
  Annotations:
  - tagged tagged in recapture --------- = --------------------------- total recapture size
3. Surveys
  1. Suitable questions (open/closed)
  2. Pilot surveys
4. Data types
4. Graphs and Charts
1. Histograms
2. CF / boxplots
  1. Skew
  2. Outliers
3. Choropleth
4. Comparative pie charts
  Annotations:
  - Remember to comment on the proportions (angle of slice) and the actual numbers (area)
5. Stem and leaf digrams
6. Misleading graphs
  1. Axes
  2. Labels
  3. Thickness / colour
  4. 3D effect
1. Processing Data
1. Standard deviation
2. Mean
3. Median/Quantiles by Interpolation
2. Correlation
1. Spearman's Rank
  1. Tied ranks
  2. Interpreting the result
2. Line of best fit
  1. Equation of the line (gradient / intercept)
  2. Make predictions
  3. Extrapolation
5. Time
1. Index numbers
  Annotations:
  - Get the scale factor or multiplier by doing: eventual value / original value
  1. Chain-based
  2. Base year
  3. Weighted
2. Time series table and graph
  1. Moving averages
  2. Trend line
  3. Seasonal variations
    1. Mean seasonal variation / seasonal effect
      1. Predict future value
6. Probability
1. Venn diagrams
  Annotations:
  - Work from the inside out - remember P(A) is the probability of the whole A circle. Also, remember the box and the number of items outside the circles.
2. Tree diagrams
7. Distributions
1. Normal
  1. Features, percentages
  2. QA charts, warning, action limits
2. Binomial
3. Discrete uniform

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