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Description
Mind Map by Michael Maidment, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Michael Maidment
over 9 years ago
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Biology Unit 2
- Interactions
Between Organisms
- Interspecific compertition
- Where organisms
compete for
resources against
individuals of
another species
- Where organisms
compete for
resources against
individuals of
another species
- Intraspecific compertition
- Where organisms
compete for
resources against
individuals of the
same species
- Where organisms
compete for
resources against
individuals of the
same species
- Parasites
- live off host
- take what thy need to survive
- don't give anything back
- often harms the host
- live off host
- Mutualism
- Relationship were both organisms benafit
- Relationship were both organisms benafit
- Animals will compete for a
mate, food and shelter
- Plants
compete
over
space,
sunlight
and vit
and
mins in
the soil
- Predator-Prey cycle
- They are out of phase
because it takes a while for
one population to respond to
changes in the other
population
- They are out of phase
because it takes a while for
one population to respond to
changes in the other
population
- Interspecific compertition
- Enviroment
- Exponetionaly
- When something
increases very quickly
- When something
increases very quickly
- Global Warming
- Caused by
burning fossil
fuels. This
releases CO2
which gets
trapped in the
atmosphere
causing the
blanket effect
and warming
up the planet
- Caused by
burning fossil
fuels. This
releases CO2
which gets
trapped in the
atmosphere
causing the
blanket effect
and warming
up the planet
- Acid Rain
- When fossil
fuels and
waste
materials are
burned
releases
sulphur
dioxide. It
reacts wih
the water
which makes
sulphuric
acid. This is
what falls
from the sky.
- When fossil
fuels and
waste
materials are
burned
releases
sulphur
dioxide. It
reacts wih
the water
which makes
sulphuric
acid. This is
what falls
from the sky.
- Ozone Depletion
- CFC's are
released into
the
atmosphere. It
then gets
broken down
by the strong
UV rays. This is
called atomic
chlorine. This
then reacts
with the ozone
and makes
holes in the
layer.
- CFC's are
released into
the
atmosphere. It
then gets
broken down
by the strong
UV rays. This is
called atomic
chlorine. This
then reacts
with the ozone
and makes
holes in the
layer.
- Indicator Species
- Polluted Water
- Water Lice
- Rat-tailed
maggots
- Sludgeworms
- Water Lice
- Clean water
- Mayfly larvae
- Mayfly larvae
- Polluted air
- Little
amount of
Lichens
- Little
amount of
Lichens
- Clean air
- Great
amount of
Lichens
- Great
amount of
Lichens
- Polluted Water
- Animals can be
endangered by
- Being Hunted
- Destruction of
their habitat
- Genetic change in their species
- Being Hunted
- Exponetionaly
- Classififcation
- Classification helps scientists
understand how organisms are related
- Difficulties with classification
- New
species
might not fit
into a
catagory
- Scientists might put the
organism in the wrong group
- New
species
might not fit
into a
catagory
- 7 groups of classification
- Kingdom
- Phylum
- Class
- Order
- Family
- Genus
- Species
- Species
- Genus
- Family
- Order
- Class
- Phylum
- Kingdom
- The binomial system
- Each species is given a two-part
Latin name. The first reserves to
the genes and the second
reserves to the species
- Each species is given a two-part
Latin name. The first reserves to
the genes and the second
reserves to the species
- Species
- A group of organisms which can interbreed to produce to produce fertile offspring
- A group of organisms which can interbreed to produce to produce fertile offspring
- Natural classification systems are based on the evolutionary relationships
- Artificial classification system are based on the appearance rather than genes
- Hybrids
- When one species
interbreed with
another.
- They are often infertile as they have a
different amount of chromosome
- When one species
interbreed with
another.
- Classification helps scientists
understand how organisms are related
- Adaptations
- Features that organisms have to
make them better suited to their
enviroment
- Specialists
- Organisms which are
highly-adapted to survive in a
specific heat
- Organisms which are
highly-adapted to survive in a
specific heat
- Generalists
- Organisms that are adapted to survive in a range of different enviroments
- Organisms that are adapted to survive in a range of different enviroments
- Biochemical adaptations
- To adapted to extreme conditions like super hot volcanos or high pressure sea bed
- To adapted to extreme conditions like super hot volcanos or high pressure sea bed
- Anatomical adaptations
- Features of an organism's anatomy that help it to survive
- Features of an organism's anatomy that help it to survive
- Pompeii Worm
- Uses a thick layer of bacteria
to protect its self from heat
- It hides inside a papery tube to protect it from predators
- Uses a thick layer of bacteria
to protect its self from heat
- Penguin
- They have webbed feet for powerful swimming
- Lots of blubber and thick skin to keep warm
- They have webbed feet for powerful swimming
- Surface area to volume ratios
- In cold environments, large organisms lose less heat to their surroundings
than small organisms-because of their smaller surface area to volume ratio
- In cold environments, large organisms lose less heat to their surroundings
than small organisms-because of their smaller surface area to volume ratio
- Polar Bear
- Claws on paws
- Three layers of fat
- Long Necks
- Skin changes colour
- Spread out on thin ice
- Claws on paws
- Camels
- Need very little water
- Has a body thermostst
- Does not need a lot of food
- Need very little water
- Features that organisms have to
make them better suited to their
enviroment
- Evolution
- Theory
- A supposition or a system of ideas intended to explain
something, especially one based on general principles
independent of the thing to be explained.
- A supposition or a system of ideas intended to explain
something, especially one based on general principles
independent of the thing to be explained.
- Charles Darwin
- Surviual of the fittest
- Surviual of the fittest
- Lamarck
- Characteristics been
developed
- Characteristics been
developed
- The theories' were not beliefed because of religious
reasons and they also didn't have enough evidence
- Darwin's theory has been proven
- It has been debated and tested
- They can't prove it wrong
- Plausible
explanation
for so many
observations
of plants
and animals
- It has been debated and tested
- Theory
- Feeding relationships
- The energy starts from the Sun
- The plants use the sunlight to perform a
process called photosynthesis
- The energy is transferred by different organisms
consuming the other organisms
- The energy is transferred by different organisms
consuming the other organisms
- The plants use the sunlight to perform a
process called photosynthesis
- Trophic level
- It is the
stages in a
food chain
- It is the
stages in a
food chain
- Most energy is lost to the surroundings as heat
- You can calculate how efficient a food chain by doing this calculation
- efficiency=energy available to the next level/energy that was available to the previous level x 100
- efficiency=energy available to the next level/energy that was available to the previous level x 100
- The energy starts from the Sun
- Carbon Cycle
- Nitrogen Cycle
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