JCH1 - MM

1. Decade

   Annotations:

   • 10 years
2. Millennium

   Annotations:

   • 1,000 years
3. Century

   Annotations:

   • 100 years
4. CHRONOLOGY

   Annotations:

   • Putting events in order starting with the earliest 
5. PREHISTORY

   Annotations:

   • The time before any written records were kept.
6. BC

   Annotations:

   • : Before Christ
7. Historic

   Annotations:

   • After Writing
8. AD

   Annotations:

   • : Anno Domini (in the year of our Lord)
9. BCE

   Annotations:

   • Before the Common Era
10. CE

    Annotations:

    • Common Era

Annotations:

• The story of the past and the study of the past.

1. HISTORIAN

   Annotations:

   • A person who gathers and analyses information through sources to tell us the story of the past.
   1. Questions
      1. Who
      2. Why
      3. What
      4. When
      5. Where
   2. Historical skillset
      1. Historical Consciousness

         Annotations:

         • Being able to place ourselves in the past.  Linking the past, present and future
      2. Analyse critique
      3. argue
      4. assess
      5. understand
      6. Reinterpretation

         Annotations:

         • to see something in a new or different light
      7. Plagirism

         Annotations:

         •  to passing someone else’s work or ideas off as your own, without citing the real source
      8. Contentious issues

         Annotations:

         • An ability to look at controversial issues from history from more than one perspective.
2. The 3 C's
   1. Comparison
   2. Connection
   3. Change

1. Avoid mistakes
2. New perspectives
3. Patterns of change
4. Historical empathy

   Annotations:

   • Developing a feeling and understanding of the past through the study of the past.
5. Commemoration

   Annotations:

   • An understanding of why a building, event or person is being commemorated.

1. ARTEFACTS

   Annotations:

   • A man-made object; examples could be tools or weapons, among others.
   1. pottery
   2. Tools
   3. Swords
   4. Jewellery
   5. Bowl
2. Factors That Influence the Reliability of a Source
   1. BIAS

      Annotations:

      • This is when one side is favoured over another (obviously making the account less reliable). not balanced, unfairly favours one side.
   2. PROPAGANDA

      Annotations:

      • Telling the story or presenting information in a certain way to influence how people think; 
      1. Stalin in communist Russia
      2. Mussolini in fascist Italy
   3. EXAGGERATION

      Annotations:

      • Exaggeration is a statement that represents something as better or worse than iti is.  In all walks of life, exaggeration affects the reliability of a source. It is the very same for historians, and they need to be wary of this. 
   4. ACCURACY

      Annotations:

      • judging how accurate or correct the information is
   5. PREJUDICE

      Annotations:

      • When someone has something against a particular group or person  (e.g., a Nazi giving his opinion on Jews in Germany in the 1930s).
   6. CROSS REFERENCING

      Annotations:

      • A historian gets information from more than one source, which makes it more reliable. This is a vital skill in research.
      1. vital skill in research
3. someone who is an expert in, or a student of, history
4. SOURCE

   Annotations:

   • An item that gives the historian information on the past, of which there are many different types.
   1. Information

      Annotations:

      • An item that gives the historian information on the past, of which there are many different types.
      1. ARCHIVE

         Annotations:

         • Archieves are sources are stored and catalogued, making them easy to locate. EXAMPLE governmental agencies & Schools, colleges & universities
      2. LIBRARY

         Annotations:

         • : a place that stores a collections of books/ records EXAMPLE Dublin City Library
      3. MUSEUMS

         Annotations:

         • A museum is a place where historical items of any kind are stored and displayed. EXAMPLE National museum in Dublin
         1. HANDLING BOXES

            Annotations:

            • Copies of Artefacts so that the original can't be damaged. 
      4. CENSUS

         Annotations:

         • A population count and analysis held at regular set intervals.
   2. Research
      1. SECONDARY SOURCES: 2nd Hand/ After the time

         Annotations:

         • Second-hand information, not taken directly from the time.  Examples include textbooks and biographies (books written by someone else about a person), along with websites, podcasts and documentaries.
         1. Documentaries
         2. BIOGRAPHY

            Annotations:

            • Is the story of a person's life written by someone else
         3. Textbooks
         4. Websites
         5. Podcasts
      2. PRIMARY SOURCES: 1st Hand / From the time

         Annotations:

         • First-hand information from the time of the event in question.  Examples include eye-witness accounts, newspapers from the actual day of the event in question, autobiographies (books written by individuals about themselves).
         1. The Book of Kells
            1. Findings
               1. Huge importance on detailed artwork.
               2. monks from an era that were extremely skilled writers and illustrators
            2. Archived at Trinity College in Dublin.

               Annotations:

               • A place to store written documents. e.g. National archive in Dublin, Irish state held
            3. Manuscript - Hand Written
            4. Primary Source
         2. AUTOBIOGRAPHY

            Annotations:

            • Is a story of a person's life written by the person themselves
            1. The Diary of Anne Frank
         3. Photographs, drawings, posters, artefacts
         4. Diaries, & personal letters, birth certificate
         5. Newspapers, Interviews, letters, emails
   3. Use of Sources
      1. Written sources
         1. newspapers
         2. textbooks
         3. websites
         4. diaries
         5. biographies
      2. Unwritten sources / visual sources:
         1. pictures
         2. monuments
         3. cartoons
      3. Oral sources
         1. interviews with people.
      4. Aural sources

         Annotations:

         • Sources that are listened to or heard
         1. radio broadcasts
         2. podcasts.