did not deny its existence merely said that law should not be invalid if it did not meet moral standards
impatient with the idea of natural rights
showed that jurists should not focus on vague unascertainable natural law principles
success of this attempt has changed the nature of the current persisting debate of role of
natural law as whether a law has moral values instead of whether a law has reached a moral
standard
Critical morality which encompasses constitutional and administrative law and so laws not so properly called