Earth

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• Colour is a property used to classify and identify rocks and minerals

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• Lustre is the way the surface of a mineral looks in the light

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• Streak: colour of the powder that a mineral leaves behind when you rub it across a rough surface

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• Cleavage is the split of a mineral into two smooth surfaces

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• Fracture: mineral breakage into rough and uneven surfave

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• Hardness: measure of a minterals hardness according to Moh's scale of hardness: harder minerals leace a scratch

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• Igneous rocks are made from hot, molten rock called magama

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• They are formed when small pieces of rock carried by water or wind.

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• Rocks that have been changed. They are formed by Heat and Pressure

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• In 1910 a German Scientist named Alfred Wagner had noticed that the outline of the continents could almost fit together. He had a hypothesis that at one time, all of the continents were joined up to make one huge continent called Pangea

1. Pangea

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   • Once a huge land mass made up of all of the continents. They called it Pangea. 

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• 4600 to 600 millions of years ago.  *Formation of Earth. *first simple organisms (bacteria)  *first soft-bodied animals (no vertebrae) 

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• 600  to 225 millions of years ago. *First reptiles *First large land animals (amphibians---frogs) *first insects *first large land plants *first fish with jaws

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• 225 to 65 million of years ago.*dinosaurs rile and then become extinct. *first flowering plants. * first birds and mammals

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• 65 millions of years ago to present day. *appearance of most modern species. *many more species of mammals. *first grasses. *first human-like species (about 2-3 million years ago.

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• layer that covers the surface of Earth  where all living things are found.

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• The Mantle is the first layer that makes up the interior of Earth; it is about 2900 km thick.

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• the central (middle) layer of Earth believed to be solid with a temperature about 7000 degrees celsious; about 1250 km thick

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• liquid section of the central layers of Earth; about 2200 km thick.