B1 cells - Microscopy

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GCSE Core Science Mind Map on B1 cells - Microscopy, created by Flo Sumpter on 13/04/2021.
Flo Sumpter
Mind Map by Flo Sumpter, updated more than 1 year ago
Flo Sumpter
Created by Flo Sumpter over 3 years ago
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Resource summary

B1 cells - Microscopy
  1. FORMULA
    1. Magnification = image size / real size
    2. cells are studied using microscopes
      1. microscopes let us see things we can't see with the naked eye. The microscopy techniques have developed over the years as technology and knowledge have imporved.
        1. Light microscopes use light and lenses to form an image of a specimen and magnify it. They let us see individual subcellular structures
          1. Electron microscopes use electrons instead of light to form an image. They have higher magnification than light microscopes
            1. They also have a higher resolution to distinguish between two points, so a higher resolution gives a sharperimage.
              1. electron microscope let us see much smaller things in more detail
            2. You need to prepare your slide
              1. If you want to look at a specimen under a light microscope, you need to put it on a microscope slide first.
                1. A slide is a strip of clear glass or plastic onto which the specimen is mouted.
                  1. Here's how to prepare a slide to view onion cells:
                    1. 1. Add a drop of water to the middle of a clean slide
                      1. 2. cut up an onion and seperate it out into layers. use tweezers to pell off some epidemal tissue from the bottom of one of the layers.
                        1. 3. Using tweezers. place the epidermal tissue into the water on the slide.
                          1. 4. Add a drop of iodine solution, iodine solution is a stain. Stains are used to highlight objects in a cell by adding colour to them.
                            1. 5. Place a cover strip on top. To do this, stand the cover slip upright on the slide, next to the water droplet. Then carefully tilt and lower it so it covers the specimen. try not to get any air bubbles - they will obstruct the view of the specimen.
                  2. Use a light microscope to look at your slide
                    1. To look at the prepared slides, you need to know how to use a light microscope
                      1. 1. clip the slide you've prepared onto the stage
                        1. 2. Select the lowest - powered objective lens
                          1. 3. use the coarse adjustment knob to move the stage up to just below the objective lens.
                            1. 4. Look down the eyepiece. use the coarse adjustment knob to move the stage downwards until the image is roughly in focus.
                              1. 5. Adjust the focus with the fine adjustment knob, until you get a clear image of what's on the slide
                                1. 6. If you need to see the slide with greater magnification, swap to a higher - powered objective lens and refocus
                    2. Draw your observations neatly with a pencil
                      1. make sure your drawing takes up at least half of the space available and that it's draw with clear, unbroken lines
                        1. the drawing shouldn't include any colouring or shading
                          1. if you're drawing cells, the subcellular structures should be drawn in proportion
                            1. remember to include a title of what you were observing and write down the magnification that it was observed under.
                              1. label the important features, using straight, clear lines
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