Structure: long, hollow cylinders
that consist of subunits of the
protein tubulin.
Function :form a framework for structures
such as the spindle apparatus that appears
during cell division, or the whiplike
organelles known as cilia and flagella
Endoplastic Reticulum
Function: the folding of protein molecules in sacs called cisternae and the transport of synthesized
proteins in vesicles to the Golgi apparatus.
Structure: A continous compartment that folds into flattened sacs and tubes
Microfilaments
Structure: fibers that consist
primarily of subunits of the globular
protein acitin.
Function: they strengthen or change the shape of eukaryotic cells.
Plasma Membrane
Function: An outer membrane that separates
the cell's contents from its environments
Structure: proteins embedded in a bilayer or attached to one of
its surfaces carry out membrane functions.
Lysosomes
Function: Digests, and recycles materials
Structure: cellular organelles that contain acid hydrolase enzymes that break down waste
materials and cellular debris
Nuclear Envelope
Structure: 2 lipid bilayers folded together as a single membrane, the outer boundary of the nucleus
Function: Pores in the membrane control which substances can cross
Golgi Aparatus
Function: packing proteins
Structure: sacks or folds
Nucleous
Function: Only found in eukaryotic cells, an
organelle that contains the cells DNA
Structure: double membrane
Ribosomes
Function: sites of protein synthesis
Structure: attached to rough ER and free in the cytoplasm
Intermediate Filaments
Function: support cells and tissues, the most stable elements of the cytoskeleton
Structure: From a framework that lends structure to cells and tissues
Extracellular Matrix
Structure: a complex mixture of fibrous proteins and polysaccharides
Function: The composition and function of ECM varies by the
type of cell that secrets it
Cell Junctions
Structure: Structures that connect a cell to other
cells and to the environment
Function: Cells send and receive ions, molecules, or signals through some junctions.
Microfilaments
Function: They strengthen or change the shape of eukaryotic cells
Structure: Fibers that consist primarily of subunits of the globular protein acids.
Chloroplasts
Function: Plastids specialized for photosynthesis
Structure: Most chloroplasts are oval or disk-shaped. Each has 2 outer
membranes enclosing a semifluid interior