327006
Description
Mind Map by Bethan Clark, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Bethan Clark
about 11 years ago
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Crude oil
- Crude oil
- Crude oil needs to
be separated to
make useful fuels
- Contains different
compounds that boil at
different temperatures
- These compounds
burn under
different conditions
- Compounds:
hydrocarbons
(molecules only
contain hydrogen
and carbon)
- These compounds
burn under
different conditions
- Separate a mixture of liquids by distillation
- Distillation of crude oil produces different
liquids that boil at different temp ranges-
these liquids are called fractions
- Distillation of crude oil produces different
liquids that boil at different temp ranges-
these liquids are called fractions
- Contains different
compounds that boil at
different temperatures
- Crude oil needs to
be separated to
make useful fuels
- Fractional distillation
- How crude oil is separated
- The larger the size of the molecule, the
higher the boiling point of the hydrocarbon
- The larger the size of the molecule, the
higher the boiling point of the hydrocarbon
- Crude oil is vaporised and fed
into a fractionating column (hot at
the bottom and cooler at the top)
- The vapours move up the column;
getting cooler as they go up.
- The hydrocarbons
condense to liquids
when they reach
the level/tray that is
at their boiling point
- Hydrocarbons with the
smallest molecules have the
lowest boiling points (collected
at the top of the column)
- Low viscosity, very
flammable, burn with clean
flames- produce little smoke
(useful fuels)
- Short-chain hydrocarbons
- Low viscosity, very
flammable, burn with clean
flames- produce little smoke
(useful fuels)
- Hydrocarbons with the largest
molecules have a higher
boiling point (collected at the
bottom of the column)
- High viscosity, not very flammable (useful
when making roads etc)
- Long-chain
hydrocarbons
- High viscosity, not very flammable (useful
when making roads etc)
- Hydrocarbons with the
smallest molecules have the
lowest boiling points (collected
at the top of the column)
- The hydrocarbons
condense to liquids
when they reach
the level/tray that is
at their boiling point
- The vapours move up the column;
getting cooler as they go up.
- How crude oil is separated
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