A man with fever & cough

Differential diagnosis
1. Lung cancer
2. Lung abscess
3. cystic fibrosis
Confirmed diagnosis
1. Tuberculosis
  1. Risk Factors
    1. Age : children < 5
    2. Socioeconomic status : poverty
    3. Immunocompromised : HIV , DM , Chemotherapy
    4. Being in endemic country or a close contact
  2. Signs & Symptoms
    1. Night sweats
    2. Weight and appetite loss
    3. Low grade fever
    4. Hemoptysis
    5. fatigue
  3. Investigations
    1. Tuberculin test
    2. TB culture
    3. Molecular test - PCR
    4. Chest X-ray
  4. Management
    1. RIPE for at least 6 month
      1. Rifampin
        Inhibit RNA synthesis
      2. Isoniazid
        Inhibit cell wall synthesis
      3. Pyrazinamide
      4. Ethambutol
        Inhibit cell wall synthesis
      5. Multi-drugs to ensure eradication and prevent resistance
    2. Prevent through global plans aiming to eradicate the disease, improving the socioeconomic and vaccination
  5. Epidemiology
    1. 2 billions or a quarter of world population is infected and TB is still endemic in most of the developing countries and co-existence with HIV is very common and lethal
  6. Pathological characteristics
    1. primary TB
      1. Ghon's Complex : Granuloma , lymph adenitis
      2. Asymptomatic or Flu-like symptoms
    2. Secondary TB
      1. Caseous necrosis
      2. Reactivation of dormant TB
    3. Disseminated TB
      1. Single organ or military TB
        Pott's dx
        Meningitis
        Intestinal TB
        Liver\Kidney Damage
    4. Grossly
    5. Microscopically
Anatomy of Respiratory system
Physiology of fever
Types of cough

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A man with fever & cough

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	Created by samah kannas almost 3 years ago