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3735845
Moral Absolutism & Relativism
Description
A-Level Philosophy Mind Map on Moral Absolutism & Relativism, created by callum.twomey on 11/10/2015.
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ethics
philosophy
a-level
Mind Map by
callum.twomey
, updated more than 1 year ago
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jenny_allen
almost 9 years ago
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callum.twomey
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Resource summary
Moral Absolutism & Relativism
MORAL ABSOLUTISM
Values/principles are regarded as universally valid - apply to all situations.
Doesn't consider the circumstances/consequences.
RELIGIOUS ABSOLUTISM
Many have absolutist positions seen as 'perfect' and unchanging' e.g TEN COMMANDMENTS.
Many Christians believe in a hierarchy of absolutes (graded absolutism) - duty to God first, then others, then property.
STRENGTHS
Provides a fixed ethical code by which to measure actions.
Can support universal laws - gives us rules to follow.
Ultimately less violence/conflict.
Protects human rights, values sanctity of life.
WEAKNESSES
Doesn't consider the situation/consequences/feelings involved.
Not compassionate
Takes away all elements of personal decision making.
DEONTOLOGICAL
MORAL RELATIVISM
No universally valid moral principles - not 'one true' morality.
Circumstances are considered before reaching a judgement about what is right/wrong.
TELEOLOGICAL
CULTURAL RELATIVISM
Different cultures have different moral codes.
DIVERSITY THEIS
Diversity across cultures means there can't be 'one true' morality.
DESCRIPTIVE RELATIVISM
Different cultures have different ethical systems so morality is relative.
STRENGTHS
Considers the situation and looks at consequences.
Promotes tolerance.
Allows progression.
WEAKNESSES
Can justify any action.
Some statements are arguably true absolutely e.g. 'it is wrong to torture innocent people'.
May imply that there can't be any real criticism of events such as the Holocaust.
REASONS FOR RELATIVISM
Decline of religious authority.
Greater understanding of other cultures.
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