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38486
Organic Chemistry (Aliphatic)
Description
Chemistry (Organic Chem) Mind Map on Organic Chemistry (Aliphatic), created by Cindy Lam on 04/04/2013.
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chemistry
organic chem
chemistry
organic chem
Mind Map by
Cindy Lam
, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by
Cindy Lam
over 11 years ago
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Resource summary
Organic Chemistry (Aliphatic)
Carboxylic Acid (RCOOH)
Formation
Oxidation of Aldehydes
Hydrolysis of Esters, AC, nitriles, amides
P.Prop
H-bond → soluble in organic solvents and water
RCOOH + PCL5 → RCOCl + POCl3 + HCl
Formation of Acyl Chloride (RCOCl)
Esters (R'COOR)
Formation
C.A + A: Reflux, Strong acid
AC/AA + A: Reflux, Dry
AA less reactive → slower, less toxic, less exothermic
C.Prop
Relatively unreactive
Hydrolysis break O bridge
Acidic: Reversible
Basic: 1D, Water soluble ionic salt formed, then react with HCl
Uses
Nice smell
Solvent
Plasticisers
Saponification - Alkaline Hydrolysis of triglycerol esters
Biodiesel
Amides (RCONH2)
Hydrolysis
+H2O → RCOOH + NH3
+HCl → RCOOH + NH4Cl
+NaOH → RCOONa + NH3
Reduce to primary amines
Nitriles (RCN)
Aldehydes (RCHO)
Formation
Oxi of primary Alcohols
Reduction of CA
Easily oxidised
Ketones (R'COR)
Oxi of secondary alcohols
Resistant to oxidation
Acyl Chlorides (RCOCl)
+Amines → N-substituted amides
+Ammonia → Amide
→ Esters
Alcohol (ROH)
Identification Tests
Attachments:
Organic compounds
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