Organic Chemistry (Aliphatic)

Description

Chemistry (Organic Chem) Mind Map on Organic Chemistry (Aliphatic), created by Cindy Lam on 04/04/2013.
Cindy Lam
Mind Map by Cindy Lam, updated more than 1 year ago
Cindy Lam
Created by Cindy Lam over 11 years ago
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Resource summary

Organic Chemistry (Aliphatic)
  1. Carboxylic Acid (RCOOH)
    1. Formation
      1. Oxidation of Aldehydes
        1. Hydrolysis of Esters, AC, nitriles, amides
        2. P.Prop
          1. H-bond → soluble in organic solvents and water
          2. RCOOH + PCL5 → RCOCl + POCl3 + HCl
            1. Formation of Acyl Chloride (RCOCl)
          3. Esters (R'COOR)
            1. Formation
              1. C.A + A: Reflux, Strong acid
                1. AC/AA + A: Reflux, Dry
                  1. AA less reactive → slower, less toxic, less exothermic
                2. C.Prop
                  1. Relatively unreactive
                  2. Hydrolysis break O bridge
                    1. Acidic: Reversible
                      1. Basic: 1D, Water soluble ionic salt formed, then react with HCl
                      2. Uses
                        1. Nice smell
                          1. Solvent
                            1. Plasticisers
                              1. Saponification - Alkaline Hydrolysis of triglycerol esters
                                1. Biodiesel
                              2. Amides (RCONH2)
                                1. Hydrolysis
                                  1. +H2O → RCOOH + NH3
                                    1. +HCl → RCOOH + NH4Cl
                                      1. +NaOH → RCOONa + NH3
                                      2. Reduce to primary amines
                                      3. Nitriles (RCN)
                                        1. Aldehydes (RCHO)
                                          1. Formation
                                            1. Oxi of primary Alcohols
                                              1. Reduction of CA
                                              2. Easily oxidised
                                              3. Ketones (R'COR)
                                                1. Oxi of secondary alcohols
                                                  1. Resistant to oxidation
                                                  2. Acyl Chlorides (RCOCl)
                                                    1. +Amines → N-substituted amides
                                                      1. +Ammonia → Amide
                                                        1. → Esters
                                                        2. Alcohol (ROH)
                                                          1. Identification Tests

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