Coastal Development and physical processess

Description

A GCSE geography topic- Coasts for the AQA specification B
Corey Meehan
Mind Map by Corey Meehan, updated more than 1 year ago
Corey Meehan
Created by Corey Meehan almost 9 years ago
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Resource summary

Coastal Development and physical processess
  1. Key Terms
    1. Growth poles
      1. Areas used for business devlopment
      2. Infastructure
        1. Network of links including transportation and services
        2. Prevailing wind
          1. The dominant wind in an area
          2. Crest
            1. The top or peak of a wave
            2. Swash
              1. Movement of waves up a beach
              2. Backwash
                1. Movement of water down the beach
                2. Subaerial processes
                  1. Processes that attack the face and top of a cliff
                  2. Marine erosion
                    1. The wearing away of rocks by the action of the sea
                    2. Weathering
                      1. The breaking down of rocks by the action of the weather, plants or chemical action.
                      2. Landform
                        1. A physical feature that has been shaped by erosion/ weathering
                        2. Headland
                          1. Where the land juts out into the sea
                          2. Slipping plane
                            1. Line of weakness, often where a previous landslide has occured
                          3. A multi-use area
                            1. Coastal areas provide economic, environmental and recreational opportunities, which is why increasing numbers of people wish to live on or near the coast
                              1. Business development in coastal areas creates jobs opportunities
                                1. The physical environment provides an attractive place to live
                                2. Economic development
                                  1. Dubai
                                    1. Dubai has reinvested most of its profits from its thriving oil industry into coastal tourism
                                      1. Recent development has seen 11km coastal strip of international hotels, resorts and marinas as well as the largest indoor ski dome in the world
                                      2. The development of industry, trade links and tourism has created a wide range of opportunities which encourage people to live in theses areas
                                        1. More recently developing countries have realised that the coast is an invaluable resource and can boost the local economy through encouraging tourism
                                        2. Waves
                                          1. Constructive waves
                                            1. Long, low waves that spill onto the beach. Strong swash, limited backwash
                                              1. BIG swash
                                                1. small backwash
                                                  1. Beach builds up gradually
                                                  2. Destructive waves
                                                    1. Short, steep waves that plunge onto the beach with force. Quite strong swash, but much stronger backwash
                                                      1. BIG backwash
                                                        1. small swash
                                                          1. Beach and cliffs are eroded
                                                        2. Erosion Proccesses
                                                          1. Abrasion (corrasion)
                                                            1. During storm conditions waves pick up sand and pebbles. As waves break, this material is hurled at the cliff face. This 'sandblasting' effect is the most powerful source of coastal erosion in the UK.
                                                            2. Attrition
                                                              1. Sand and pebbles are constantly colliding with each other as they are moved by waves breaking on a beach. This action wears away the beach material, making it increasingly smaller and more rounded.
                                                              2. Hydraulic Action
                                                                1. The sheer force of waves breaking against a cliff causes parts of the cliff to break away. Also, as waves hit a cliff face air is compressed into cracks, blasting away fragments of rock.
                                                              3. Weathering Processes
                                                                1. Landforms
                                                                  1. Spits, Bars and Tombolos
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