4403499
Ainsworth's strange situation
- basics
- aim = observe key attachment behaviours and their quality
- procedure
- controlled observation
- two way mirror
- PESSR - people eat smoked sausages regularly
- proximity seeking
- good attachment will stay fairly close to caregiver
- good attachment will stay fairly close to caregiver
- exploration and secure base behaviour
- good attachment = child wants
to explore (caregiver is secure
base)
- good attachment = child wants
to explore (caregiver is secure
base)
- stranger anxiety
- anxiety to strangers
- anxiety to strangers
- separation anxiety
- protest to separation from caregiver
- protest to separation from caregiver
- response reunion
- positive response to caregiver returning
- positive response to caregiver returning
- proximity seeking
- controlled observation
- how it works
- 1. the child is encourage to explore (exploration & secure base)
- 2. stranger comes and interacts (stranger anxiety)
- 3. caregiver leaves (separation & stranger anxiety)
- 4. caregiver returns stranger leaves (reunion, exploration & secure base)
- 5. caregiver leaves (separation anxiety)
- 6. stranger returns (stranger anxiety)
- 7. caregiver returns (reunion)
- 7. caregiver returns (reunion)
- 6. stranger returns (stranger anxiety)
- 5. caregiver leaves (separation anxiety)
- 4. caregiver returns stranger leaves (reunion, exploration & secure base)
- 3. caregiver leaves (separation & stranger anxiety)
- 2. stranger comes and interacts (stranger anxiety)
- 1. the child is encourage to explore (exploration & secure base)
- findings
- types of attachment
- secure attachment
- happy to explore but return
- moderate separation & stranger anxiety
- accept comfort
- happy to explore but return
- insecure avoidant
- freely explore don't return
- no reaction when caregiver leaves or returns
- no stranger anxiety
- freely explore don't return
- secure attachment
- insecure resistant
- need greater proximity - explore less
- huge stranger & separation distress
- need greater proximity - explore less
- types of attachment
- procedure
- aim = observe key attachment behaviours and their quality
- evaluation
- support for validity
- support later development
- secure - better outcomes in life
- insecure resistant - worst outcomes
- secure - better outcomes in life
- support later development
- good reliability
- inter rater reliability
- different observers can watch and agree n the same attachments
- due to controlled settings
- due to behavioural categories
- not just dependant on observer
- due to controlled settings
- different observers can watch and agree n the same attachments
- inter rater reliability
- the test may be culture bound
- different for countries outside US & Western Europe
- why?
- cultural differences for kids
- caregivers from different cultures behave differently
- cultural differences for kids
- e.g. Japan
- mother doesn't leave child
- high separation anxiety
- high separation anxiety
- mother doesn't leave child
- why?
- different for countries outside US & Western Europe
- support for validity
- evaluation +
- what does the strange situation measure
- child's response to anxiety from an unfamiliar environment
- is attachment the main cause of anxiety
- is temperament (genetically influenced behaviour)
- confounding variable?
- confounding variable?
- is temperament (genetically influenced behaviour)
- is attachment the main cause of anxiety
- child's response to anxiety from an unfamiliar environment
- at least one or more attachment type
- some children don't fall into these categories
- disorganised attachment
- odd mix of resistant & avoidant behaviour
- odd mix of resistant & avoidant behaviour
- disorganised attachment
- some children don't fall into these categories
- what does the strange situation measure
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