4435489
Description
Mind Map by Ashley Carroll, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Ashley Carroll
almost 9 years ago
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SLA Theories &
Processes
- Steven Krashen:
Comprehensible Input
Hypothesis
- Description: We acquire language
when we understand messages.
- Application: Teachers can ask students if they are
understanding messages in the new language, and
teachers can make sure that students are truly
understanding what is being said and/or written.
- Description: We acquire language
when we understand messages.
- Noam Chomsky:
Universal Grammar
- Description: All human languages
share essential building blocks;
languages are similar.
- Application: We can teach students
the similarities between their first
language and the new language they
are learning in order to make
learning the second language easier.
- Description: All human languages
share essential building blocks;
languages are similar.
- Jim Cummins:
BICS vs. CALP
- Description: BICS Basic Interpersonal Communicative Skills is a
social/conversational language that takes about 1 year to master. CALP
Cognitive Academic Language Proficiency is a Greek and Latin based academic
language that takes about 5 years to master.
- Application: It takes 5 years to develop CALP, so we as teachers should be
patient with ESL students, give the students supplemental vocabulary
instruction, encourage these students to communicate to the best of their
ability, and be judgement free as the students expand their vocabulary.
- Description: BICS Basic Interpersonal Communicative Skills is a
social/conversational language that takes about 1 year to master. CALP
Cognitive Academic Language Proficiency is a Greek and Latin based academic
language that takes about 5 years to master.
- Larry Selinker:
Interlanguage Theory
- Application: Teachers can allow students to speak
in both the first and second language while
learning the new language.
- Description: Intermediate
language learners create their
own language systems before
they achieve native competence
in the new language.
- Application: Teachers can allow students to speak
in both the first and second language while
learning the new language.
- Michael Long:
Interactionist Model
- Description: Using peer
communication helps students to
learn a new language.
- Application: Teachers can allow
students to work in groups in
order to help ESL students learn
English.
- Description: Using peer
communication helps students to
learn a new language.
- Eric Lenneberg:
Innate Hypothesis
- Description: Language is a biologically
controlled behavior that develops from within,
triggered by age and the environment.
- Application: Teachers can provide a stimulating, engaging,
and developmentally/age appropriate learning environment
in order to help students acquire a second language.
- Description: Language is a biologically
controlled behavior that develops from within,
triggered by age and the environment.
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